近日，中国地质大学刘勇胜团队研究了“嫦娥六号”月壤化学成分与阿波罗盆地北地壳喷出物的大量添加。该研究于2025年4月22日发表在《地质学》杂志上。

嫦娥六号（CE-6）任务首次从阿波罗盆地内的远侧月海玄武岩单元返回了土壤样本，阿波罗盆地是南极-艾特肯（SPA）盆地最大的撞击特征。研究组对这种土壤及其主要成分进行了岩石学和地球化学分析，以估算当地月海玄武岩和非月海玄武岩的成分。着陆点玄武岩是一种典型的低钛玄武岩，镁含量低（30-31），钍含量低（1 ppm），其他不相容元素含量低。整体而言，大块土壤的主要和微量元素组成均匀，与当地玄武岩有很大不同。

结合岩石学限制，这些差异表明，苏长岩地壳喷出物约占40±5 wt%，陨石物质约占2-3 wt%，没有地幔岩石碎片。非磁性物质的平均成分对应于斜长岩苏长岩或苏长岩（约60±5 vol%斜长石），与西北非洲（NWA）2995族陨石和SPA盆地遥感数据的预测大致相当。玄武岩、土壤、角砾岩和冲击玻璃的低Th含量（1-2ppm）支持喷出物材料和下伏地幔和地壳中可忽略不计的富Th成分。这些地面实况结果表明，阿波罗盆地底部主要分布着中FeO、镁铁质地壳岩石，为SPA盆地内远侧地壳的组成提供了见解。

附：英文原文

Title: Chemical compositions of Chang’e-6 lunar soil and substantial addition of noritic crust ejecta from Apollo basin

Author: Zaicong Wang, Yiheng Li, Jiawei Li, Keqing Zong, Zhenbing She, Qi He, Jiawei Zhao, Wen Zhang, Jiaqi Zheng, Fabin Pan, Tao Luo, Kosta Crnobrnja, Xu Chen, Long Xiao, Zhaochu Hu, Xiang Wu, Yongsheng Liu, Frédéric Moynier

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-22

Abstract: The Chang’e-6 (CE-6) mission returned the first-ever soil samples from a farside mare basalt unit within the Apollo basin, the largest impact feature of the South Pole–Aitken (SPA) basin. Here, we integrated petrological and geochemical analyses on this soil and its main components to estimate the compositions of local mare basalt and nonmare components. The landing site basalt is a typical low-Ti basalt with low Mg# (30–31) and low contents of Th (1 ppm) and other incompatible elements. The bulk soil overall shows homogeneous major and trace elemental compositions, which are very different from the local basalt. Combined with petrological constraints, such differences reveal an incorporation of ～40 ± 5 wt% of noritic crust ejecta and 2–3 wt% meteoritic materials, without mantle-rock fragments. The mean composition of nonmare materials corresponds to anorthositic norite or norite (～60 ± 5 vol% plagioclase) and is broadly comparable with Northwest Africa (NWA) 2995 clan meteorites and the prediction from remote sensing data for the SPA basin. The low-Th contents of the basalt, soil, breccia, and impact glasses (1–2 ppm) support negligible Th-rich components in ejecta materials and the underlying mantle and crust. These ground-truth results suggest the dominant distribution of intermediate FeO, mafic crust rocks on the Apollo basin floor, providing insights into the composition of the farside crust within the SPA basin.

DOI: 10.1130/G53086.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/doi/10.1130/G53086.1/653779/Chemical-compositions-of-Chang-e-6-lunar-soil-andredirectedFrom=fulltext