近日，美国爱荷华大学教授Bhagirath Chaurasia及其课题组的研究发现神经酰胺诱导的FGF13损害全身代谢健康。该研究于2025年3月31日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞—代谢》杂志上。

通过比较转录组筛选，研究小组发现非规范、非分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子FGF13是一种神经酰胺调节因子，可损害脂肪细胞功能。肥胖可诱导小鼠和人类脂肪组织中FGF13的表达，并与2型糖尿病的血糖指数呈正相关。神经酰胺生物合成的药理或遗传抑制可降低FGF13的表达。通过FGF13功能缺失和增强的小鼠，该课题组证明了FGF13对能量和葡萄糖稳态的影响是必要和充分的，不依赖于神经酰胺。在机制上，FGF13通过抑制线粒体含量和功能、代谢弹性和小泡形成来发挥这些作用，从而累积损害葡萄糖利用和产热。这些研究提示靶向FGF13预防和治疗代谢性疾病的治疗潜力。

据了解，神经酰胺的积累损害了脂肪细胞有效储存和利用营养物质的能力，导致能量和葡萄糖稳态恶化。

附：英文原文

Title: Ceramide-induced FGF13 impairs systemic metabolic health

Author: Jamal Naderi, Amanda Kelsey Johnson, Himani Thakkar, Bhawna Chandravanshi, Alec Ksiazek, Ajay Anand, Vinnyfred Vincent, Aaron Tran, Anish Kalimireddy, Pratibha Singh, Ayushi Sood, Aasthika Das, Chad Lamar Talbot, Isabella A. Distefano, J. Alan Maschek, James Cox, Ying Li, Scott A. Summers, Donald J. Atkinson, Tursun Turapov, Jason A. Ratcliff, Javis Fung, Asim Shabbir, M. Shabeer Yassin, Sue-Anne Toh Ee Shiow, William L. Holland, Geoffrey S. Pitt, Bhagirath Chaurasia

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-31

Abstract: Ceramide accumulation impairs adipocytes’ ability to efficiently store and utilize nutrients, leading to energy and glucose homeostasis deterioration. Using a comparative transcriptomic screen, we identified the non-canonical, non-secreted fibroblast growth factor FGF13 as a ceramide-regulated factor that impairs adipocyte function. Obesity robustly induces FGF13 expression in adipose tissue in mice and humans and is positively associated with glycemic indices of type 2 diabetes. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis reduces FGF13 expression. Using mice with loss and gain of function of FGF13, we demonstrate that FGF13 is both necessary and sufficient to impair energy and glucose homeostasis independent of ceramides. Mechanistically, FGF13 exerts these effects by inhibiting mitochondrial content and function, metabolic elasticity, and caveolae formation, which cumulatively impairs glucose utilization and thermogenesis. These studies suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting FGF13 to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2025.03.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(25)00105-6