尽管药物污染的威胁越来越大，但该课题组研究人员对这些污染物是否以及如何影响野生动物的行为缺乏了解。对大西洋鲑鱼(Salmo salar；n = 730)，该课题组研究人员发现全球检测到的抗焦虑性污染物氯巴唑在暴露的鱼的大脑中积累，并影响河流到海洋的迁移成功。暴露于氯巴唑仑的鱼类在迁徙路线上通过两座水电站水坝的速度加快，与对照组相比，更多暴露于氯巴唑仑的鱼类进入大海。研究组认为，这种影响可能是由于暴露于氯巴唑的鱼类改变了游动行为。药物引起的行为改变预计会对野生种群的生态和进化产生广泛的影响。
附：英文原文
Title: Pharmaceutical pollution influences river-to-sea migration in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Author: Jack A. Brand, Marcus Michelangeli, Samuel J. Shry, Eleanor R. Moore, Aneesh P. H. Bose, Daniel Cerveny, Jake M. Martin, Gustav Hellstrm, Erin S. McCallum, Annika Holmgren, Eli S. J. Thoré, Jerker Fick, Tomas Brodin, Michael G. Bertram
Issue&Volume: 2025-04-11
Abstract: Despite the growing threat of pharmaceutical pollution, we lack an understanding of whether and how such pollutants influence animal behavior in the wild. Using laboratory- and field-based experiments across multiple years in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar; n = 730), we show that the globally detected anxiolytic pollutant clobazam accumulates in the brain of exposed fish and influences river-to-sea migration success. Clobazam exposure increased the speed with which fish passed through two hydropower dams along their migration route, resulting in more clobazam-exposed fish reaching the sea compared with controls. We argue that such effects may arise from altered shoaling behavior in fish exposed to clobazam. Drug-induced behavioral changes are expected to have wide-ranging consequences for the ecology and evolution of wild populations.
DOI: adp7174
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp7174