中国科学院地球与行星物理重点实验室林杨挺团队研究了月球背面地幔中的水丰度。2025年4月9日，《自然》杂志发表了这一成果。

月球内部的含水量记录了理解月球形成和随后热化学演化的重要线索。嫦娥六号（CE6）任务从月球背面的南极-艾特肯撞击盆地返回了样本，为研究月球背面地幔的含水量提供了机会。

研究组报告了来自CE6月海玄武岩的磷灰石和熔融包裹体的水丰度和氢同位素组成，这些玄武岩来自月球地幔的部分熔融。据估计，CE6月海玄武岩的母岩浆的水丰度为15-168μg⁻¹，δD值为-123±167‰。研究组对地幔源的水丰度估计为1-1.5μg g^-1，这表明远侧地幔可能比近侧地幔更干燥。因此，这种对比表明，月球内部的水分布可能呈现出类似于许多表面特征的半球二分法。对月球远侧地幔的新估计是估计大块硅酸盐月球水丰度的一个里程碑，为巨型撞击起源假说和随后以水为中心的月球演化提供了关键约束。

附：英文原文

Title: Water abundance in the lunar farside mantle

Author: He, Huicun, Li, Linxi, Hu, Sen, Gao, Yubing, Gao, Liang, Zhou, Zhan, Qiu, Mengfan, Zhou, Disheng, Liu, Huanxin, Li, Ruiying, Hao, Jialong, Hui, Hejiu, Lin, Yangting

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-09

Abstract: The water contents of the lunar interior record important clues for understanding the formation and subsequent thermochemical evolution of the Moon1. The Chang’e-6 (CE6) mission returned samples from the South Pole–Aitken impact basin of the lunar farside2,3,4, providing an opportunity to study the water contents of the farside mantle. Here we report the water abundances and hydrogen isotope compositions of apatite and melt inclusions from CE6 mare basalt, derived from partial melting of the lunar mantle. The parent magma of CE6 mare basalt is estimated to have a water abundance of 15–168μgg1 with a δD value of 123±167‰. Our estimate of water abundance of 1–1.5μgg1 for the mantle source indicates that the farside mantle is potentially drier than its nearside counterpart. This contrast thus suggests that the distribution of water in the interior of the Moon may exhibit a hemispheric dichotomy similar to numerous surface features5. The new estimate for the lunar farside mantle represents a landmark for estimating the water abundance of the bulk silicate Moon, providing critical constraints on the giant impact origin hypothesis6,7,8 and the subsequent evolution of the Moon for which the role of water is central1,9.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08870-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08870-x