南方科技大学曾振中团队研究了亚马逊森林砍伐对季节间降水逆转的影响。相关论文于2025年3月5日发表在《自然》杂志上。

使用一系列基于观测的数据集，人们发现热带森林砍伐会导致降水量大幅减少。然而，基于卫星的时空统计分析的局限性阻碍了对不同尺度上重塑的中尺度大气环流和区域降水再循环作用的理解。这些效应被认为是非局部效应，与森林砍伐引起的蒸散量（ET）减少所引起的局部效应不同。

研究组展示了雨季和旱季对亚马逊森林砍伐的反向降水反应。在雨季，砍伐森林的网格降水量显著增加（0.96毫米/ 月，森林损失1个百分点），主要归因于中尺度大气环流增强（即非局部效应）。这些非局部的增加随着与砍伐森林的网格的距离而减弱，导致60年以上缓冲区的降水量大幅减少。相反，在旱季，森林砍伐网格和所有分析缓冲区的降水量都会减少，ET减少的局部影响占主导地位。

该研究结果强调了推动森林砍伐的局部效应和非局部效应之间的复杂平衡——不同季节和规模的降水反应，并强调了解决亚马逊地区森林迅速和广泛丧失的迫切需要。

附：英文原文

Title: Impact of Amazonian deforestation on precipitation reverses between seasons

Author: Qin, Yingzuo, Wang, Dashan, Ziegler, Alan D., Fu, Bojie, Zeng, Zhenzhong

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-05

Abstract: Tropical deforestation was found to cause large reductions in precipitation using a range of observation-based datasets1. However, the limitations of satellite-based space-for-time statistical analysis have hindered understanding of the roles of reshaped mesoscale atmospheric circulation and regional precipitation recycling at different scales. These effects are considered nonlocal effects, which are distinct from the local effects governed by deforestation-induced reductions in evapotranspiration (ET). Here we show reversed precipitation responses to Amazon deforestation across wet and dry seasons. During the wet season, deforested grids experienced a noteworthy increase in precipitation (0.96mmmonth1 per percentage point forest loss), primarily attributed to enhanced mesoscale atmospheric circulation (that is, nonlocal effect). These nonlocal increases weaken with distance from deforested grids, leading to significant precipitation reductions in buffers beyond 60km. Conversely, during the dry season, precipitation decreases in deforested grids and throughout all analysis buffers, with local effects from reduced ET dominating. Our findings highlight the intricate balance between local effects and nonlocal effects in driving deforestation–precipitation responses across different seasons and scales and emphasize the urgent need to address the rapid and extensive loss of forest in the Amazon region.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08570-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08570-y