华南理工大学杨中民团队研究了用于高速光谱学的实用GHz单腔全光纤双梳激光器。该研究于2025年3月24日发表在《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

双梳光谱（DCS）具有较小的GHz齿间距，在光谱分辨率和刷新率之间提供了更好的权衡，是测量和分析快速演变的瞬态事件的有力工具。尽管有这样一个令人兴奋的机会，但现有技术要么损害了光谱分辨率，要么损害了刷新率，导致很少有GHz DCS具有强大的设计，在很大程度上无法满足前沿应用的需求。

在这项工作中，研究组通过探索全光纤超短腔配置中多模干涉介导的光谱滤波效应，展示了一种新型的GHz DCS。GHz单腔全光纤双梳源由双波长锁模光纤激光器播种，该激光器以约1.0 GHz的基本重复率工作，相差148 kHz，在平均时间为1秒的Allan偏差仅为101.7 mHz的自由运行状态下具有出色的稳定性。

由于异步双色脉冲串之间的重复率差异很大，GHz DCS的刷新时间短至6.75μs，使其有望实时研究不可重复的瞬态现象。为此，通过成功捕获室外气球和鞭炮爆炸的“冲击波”，验证了当前GHz DCS的实用性。这种GHz单腔全光纤双梳系统有望在不牺牲测量精度的情况下显著提高采集速度和可靠性，有望成为高速应用的实用工具。

附：英文原文

Title: Practical GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb laser for high-speed spectroscopy

Author: Ling, Lin, Lin, Wei, Liang, Zhaoheng, Pan, Minjie, Wei, Chiyi, Chen, Xuewen, Yang, Yang, Xiong, Zhijin, Guo, Yuankai, Wei, Xiaoming, Yang, Zhongmin

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-24

Abstract: Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) with few-GHz tooth spacing that provides a better trade-off between spectral resolution and refresh rate is a powerful tool for measuring and analyzing rapidly evolving transient events. Despite such an exciting opportunity, existing technologies compromise either the spectral resolution or refresh rate, leaving few-GHz DCS with robust design largely unmet for frontier applications. In this work, we demonstrate a novel GHz DCS by exploring the multimode interference-mediated spectral filtering effect in an all-fiber ultrashort cavity configuration. The GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb source is seeded by a dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber laser operating at fundamental repetition rates of about 1.0GHz differing by 148kHz, which has an excellent stability in the free-running state that the Allan deviation is only 101.7mHz for an average time of 1s. Thanks to the large repetition rate difference between the asynchronous dichromatic pulse trains, the GHz DCS enables a refresh time as short as 6.75μs, making it promising for studying nonrepeatable transient phenomena in real time. To this end, the practicality of the present GHz DCS is validated by successfully capturing the ‘shock waves’ of balloon and firecracker explosions outdoors. This GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb system promises a noteworthy improvement in acquisition speed and reliability without sacrificing measurement accuracy, anticipated as a practical tool for high-speed applications.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01811-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-01811-3