美国佐治亚大学Michael R. Geller团队实现了量子模拟具有非厄米哈密顿量的量子比特。相关论文于2025年3月13日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

在经典和量子领域，对非厄米哈密顿量进行建模变得越来越重要，特别是在研究开放系统、奇偶时间对称性和共振时。然而，这些模型的量子模拟受到了迭代方法中所需的大量资源的限制，这些迭代方法具有指数级的小选后成功概率。

研究组采用固定深度变分电路来规避这些限制，使模拟能够深入到异常点周围的破坏状态。量子模拟是使用IBM超导量子比特进行的。这些结果强调了变分量子电路和机器学习推动量子模拟边界的潜力，为利用近期中等规模量子技术探索量子现象提供了新方法。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantum simulation of a qubit with a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian

Author: Anastashia Jebraeilli, Michael R. Geller

Issue&Volume: 2025/03/13

Abstract: Modeling non-Hermitian Hamiltonians is increasingly important in classical and quantum domains, especially when studying open systems, parity-time () symmetry, and resonances. However, the quantum simulation of these models has been limited by the extensive resources necessary in iterative methods with exponentially small postselection success probability. Here we employ a fixed-depth variational circuit to circumvent these limitations, enabling simulation deep into the -broken regime surrounding an exceptional point. Quantum simulations are carried out using IBM superconducting qubits. The results underscore the potential for variational quantum circuits and machine learning to push the boundaries of quantum simulation, offering new methods for exploring quantum phenomena with near-term intermediate-scale quantum technology.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.111.032211

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.111.032211