2025年3月14日，德国马克斯·普朗克天文研究所Xiangyu Zhang团队在《科学》杂志发表论文，他们成功绘制了银河系内星际尘埃消光曲线的三维图。

星际尘埃颗粒导致背景天文光源的光消光（吸收和散射）。消光曲线的光谱形状取决于尘埃的组成。研究组用低分辨率光谱测量了1.3亿颗恒星的消光曲线。通过反转这些数据，研究组绘制了银河系内三维和麦哲伦星云内二维的消光曲线参数R(V)。

这些地图为天文观测提供了改进的消光校正。研究组发现R(V)随消光而变化，与低消光区尘埃颗粒的吸积生长和高消光区尘埃颗粒的凝聚生长相一致。恒星形成区域的R(V)值较高，表明这些区域要么优先破坏小尘埃颗粒，要么额外供应大尘埃颗粒。

附：英文原文

Title: Three-dimensional maps of the interstellar dust extinction curve within the Milky Way galaxy

Author: Xiangyu Zhang, Gregory M. Green

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-14

Abstract: Interstellar dust grains cause extinction (absorption and scattering) of light from background astronomical sources. The spectral shape of the extinction curve depends on the dust composition. We used low-resolution optical spectra to measure the extinction curve of 130 million stars. By inverting these data, we mapped the extinction curve parameter R(V) within the Milky Way in three dimensions and within the Magellanic Clouds in two dimensions. These maps provide improved extinction corrections for astronomical observations. We find that R(V) varies with extinction, consistent with dust grains growing by accretion in low-extinction regions and by coagulation in higher-extinction regions. Star-forming regions have high R(V) values, indicating either preferential destruction of small dust grains or additional supply of large dust grains in those regions.

DOI: ado9787

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado9787