清华深圳国际研究生院材料研究所周光敏小组在研究中取得进展。他们报道了稳定Zn//MnO₂电池抑制自发酸性腐蚀和析氢。相关论文于2025年3月13日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《德国应用化学》杂志上。

该团队将微量的对羟基苯甲醛（M4）引入电解液以解决上述阳极问题。M4分子利用其对Zn²⁺和H₂O的强亲和力，重构Zn(H₂O)₆²⁺的溶剂化鞘层并吸附在阳极表面，有效地阻断了H⁺和Zn的直接接触。这种双重作用显著减轻了酸性腐蚀和HER，提高了锌阳极的可逆性和稳定性。得益于这些优点，对称电池在5毫安厘米下表现出超过2000小时的循环稳定性。

此外，锌/二氧化锰电池在酸性电解液中稳定运行3000次以上，平均库仑效率超过97.3%。组装袋电池提供1.68Ah的高容量，保持稳定运行超过100次循环。这项工作提出了独特的观点，并为提高水性电池系统的稳定性和效率提供了有希望的途径。

据了解，可充电水基锌/二氧化锰电池因其高安全性和高性价比而备受关注，具有大规模储能的潜力。然而，锌阳极在酸性电解质中的严重酸性腐蚀和析氢反应（HER）对其实际应用构成了严峻的挑战。

附：英文原文

Title: Suppressing Spontaneous Acidic Corrosion and Hydrogen Evolution for Stable Zn//MnO2 Batteries

Author: Yinna Liu, Zhexuan Liu, Zhiqiang Xiao, Zhoujie Lao, Jiachang Liu, Xiao Xiao, Qingjin Fu, Fengyi Zheng, Guangmin Zhou

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-13

Abstract: Rechargeable aqueous Zn//MnO2 batteries have attracted significant attention due to their high safety and cost-effective for potential large-scale energy storage. However, the severe acidic corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on Zn anodes in acidic electrolytes pose critical challenges to their practical application. Here, we introduce trace amounts of p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (M4) into the electrolyte to address the above anode issues. Leveraging its strong affinity for Zn2+ and H2O, M4 molecules reconstruct the Zn(H2O)62+ solvation sheath and adsorb onto the anode surface, effectively blocking direct contact between H+ and Zn. This dual action significantly mitigates acidic corrosion and HER, enhancing Zn anode reversibility and stability. Benefiting from these merits, symmetric cells exhibit exceptional cycling stability of over 2000 hours at 5 mA cm2 and 1 mAh cm2, delivering a fivefold increase in lifespan compared to conventional electrolytic cells. Moreover, Zn//MnO2 batteries demonstrate stable operation for more than 3000 cycles in acidic electrolyte with an average coulombic efficiency exceeding 97.3%. The assembled pouch cell delivers a high capacity of 1.68 Ah, maintaining stable operation for over 100 cycles. This work presents unique perspectives and offers promising avenues to improve the stability and efficiency of aqueous battery systems.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202502896

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202502896