根特大学Eugenia Russinova研究小组在研究中取得进展。他们揭示了极性引导的不均匀有丝分裂控制增殖植物根细胞中的油菜素内酯活性。相关论文发表在2025年3月10日出版的《细胞》杂志上。

通过将单细胞RNA测序与拟南芥根系的长期活细胞成像相结合，该研究团队发现油菜素内酯活性在整个细胞周期中波动，在有丝分裂期间降低，在G1期增加。有丝分裂后油菜素内酯活性的恢复是由母细胞的固有极性驱动的，导致一个子细胞具有增强的油菜素内酯信号，而另一个子细胞支持油菜素内酯的生物合成。在G1期，这些不同子细胞状态的共存绕过了一个负反馈回路，在信号增加的同时促进了油菜素内酯的产生。他们的发现揭示了分生组织中极性引导的、不均匀的有丝分裂，这控制了油菜素内酯激素的活性，以确保最佳的根生长。

据悉，油菜素内酯激素是植物器官生长的积极调节因子，但其在增殖组织中的功能尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Polarity-guided uneven mitotic divisions control brassinosteroid activity in proliferating plant root cells

Author: Nemanja Vukainovi, Che-Wei Hsu, Marco Marconi, Shaopeng Li, Christopher Zachary, Rachel Shahan, Pablo Szekley, Ziv Aardening, Isabelle Vanhoutte, Qian Ma, Lucrezia Pinto, Pavel Krupa, Nathan German, Jingyuan Zhang, Claire Simon--Vezo, Jessica Perez-Sancho, Pepe Cana Quijada, Qianzi Zhou, Laura R. Lee, Jianghua Cai, Emmanuelle M. Bayer, Matyá Fendrych, Elisabeth Truernit, Yu Zhou, Sigal Savaldi-Goldstein, Krzysztof Wabnik, Trevor M. Nolan, Eugenia Russinova

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-10

Abstract: Brassinosteroid hormones are positive regulators of plant organ growth, yet their function in proliferating tissues remains unclear. Here, through integrating single-cell RNA sequencing with long-term live-cell imaging of the Arabidopsis root, we reveal that brassinosteroid activity fluctuates throughout the cell cycle, decreasing during mitotic divisions and increasing during the G1 phase. The post-mitotic recovery of brassinosteroid activity is driven by the intrinsic polarity of the mother cell, resulting in one daughter cell with enhanced brassinosteroid signaling, while the other supports brassinosteroid biosynthesis. The coexistence of these distinct daughter cell states during the G1 phase circumvents a negative feedback loop to facilitate brassinosteroid production while signaling increases. Our findings uncover polarity-guided, uneven mitotic divisions in the meristem, which control brassinosteroid hormone activity to ensure optimal root growth.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.02.011

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)00196-5