国际空间站有一个由使用模式驱动的独特而极端的微生物和化学环境，这一成果由加州大学Rob Knight团队经过不懈努力而取得。该研究于2025年2月27日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞》杂志上。
研究小组制作了一张微生物和代谢物的3D地图，整个国际空间站（ISS）的美国轨道段（USOS）使用803个样本在太空飞行中收集，包括对照组。该课题组发现，国际空间站内九个采样模块的主题都强烈地推动了栖息地的微生物学和化学。将微生物学与其他地球栖息地联系起来，研究小组发现，与人类微生物群一样，建筑环境微生物群也自然地沿着土化轴排列，国际空间站提供了一个土化环境的极端例子。课题组研究人员展示了微生物风险监测中与培养无关的测序的效用，特别是当测序的位置移动到太空时。由此产生的空间人造环境中化学和微生物的阻力将指导长期努力，以便在更长时间内维持太空中的人类健康。
据悉，在远离地球的建筑环境中，太空居住提供了独特的挑战。
附：英文原文
Title: The International Space Station has a unique and extreme microbial and chemical environment driven by use patterns
Author: Rodolfo A. Salido, Haoqi Nina Zhao, Daniel McDonald, Helena Mannochio-Russo, Simone Zuffa, Renee E. Oles, Allegra T. Aron, Yasin El Abiead, Sawyer Farmer, Antonio González, Cameron Martino, Ipsita Mohanty, Ceth W. Parker, Lucas Patel, Paulo Wender Portal Gomes, Robin Schmid, Tara Schwartz, Jennifer Zhu, Michael R. Barratt, Kathleen H. Rubins, Hiutung Chu, Fathi Karouia, Kasthuri Venkateswaran, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Rob Knight
Issue&Volume: 2025-02-27
Abstract: Space habitation provides unique challenges in built environments isolated from Earth. We produced a 3D map of the microbes and metabolites throughout the United States Orbital Segment (USOS) of the International Space Station (ISS) with 803 samples collected during space flight, including controls. We find that the use of each of the nine sampled modules within the ISS strongly drives the microbiology and chemistry of the habitat. Relating the microbiology to other Earth habitats, we find that, as with human microbiota, built environment microbiota also align naturally along an axis of industrialization, with the ISS providing an extreme example of an industrialized environment. We demonstrate the utility of culture-independent sequencing for microbial risk monitoring, especially as the location of sequencing moves to space. The resulting resource of chemistry and microbiology in the space-built environment will guide long-term efforts to maintain human health in space for longer durations.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.01.039
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)00108-4