中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所Dai Lijun小组近日在最新研究中，报道了青海湖沉积物中稀土元素地球化学特征及来源分析。2025年2月17日出版的《地球化学学报》杂志发表了这项成果。

课题组研究了中国最大的盐湖青海湖表层沉积物中，稀土元素的分布、地球化学行为及其潜在的人为影响。采用自组织图（SOM）和正矩阵分解（PMF）相结合的方法，分析了36个表层沉积物样品的稀土元素含量。结果表明，轻稀土（lree）的富集程度明显高于重稀土（hree），反映了自然丰度和地球化学行为。Lu的最低浓度为0.091 mg/kg， Ce的最高浓度为78.877 mg/kg。

地质堆积指数（Igeo）分析显示，Sm和Nd的特定稀土元素有轻微至中度富集，表明可能存在局部的人为输入，特别是在河口附近。以逆距离加权（IDW）和自组织图（SOM）为主题的空间分析强调了，稀土元素分布与河流输入之间的显著相关性，强调了河流运输在沉积稀土元素动力学中的作用。

PMF确定了混合的自然和人为因素，农业和工业活动导致沉积物中稀土元素水平升高。这些发现为盐湖系统中稀土元素的地球化学行为提供了重要的见解，并为青海湖等敏感环境的污染控制，和可持续抵抗管理提供了基础。

附：英文原文

Title: Geochemical characteristics and source analysis of rare earth elements in Qinghai Lake sediments

Author: Li, Guangying, Meng, Yingyi, Zhou, Jinhan, Ming, Di, Dai, Lijun, Wang, Lingqing

Issue&Volume: 2025-02-17

Abstract: This study investigates the distribution, geochemical behavior, and potential anthropogenic influences of rare earth elements (REEs) in the surface sediments of Qinghai Lake, the largest saline lake in China. A total of 36 surface sediment samples were analyzed for REE concentrations with a combination of self-organizing maps (SOM) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). Results indicate distinct enrichment patterns, with light REEs (LREEs) exhibiting higher concentrations than heavy REEs (HREEs), reflecting natural abundances and geochemical behaviors. The minimum value was found in Lu as low as 0.091 mg/kg, and the maximum concentration was exhibited in Ce at 78.877 mg/kg. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) analysis reveals minor to moderate enrichment of specific REEs of Sm and Nd, suggesting possible localized anthropogenic inputs, particularly near river mouths. Spatial analysis using inverse distance weighting (IDW) and self-organizing maps (SOM) highlights significant correlations between REE distributions and riverine inputs, underscoring fluvial transport's role in sedimentary REE dynamics. PMF identifies mixed natural and anthropogenic sources, with agricultural and industrial activities contributing to elevated REE levels in sediment. These findings provide critical insights into the geochemical behavior of REEs in saline lake systems and offer a foundation for pollution control and sustainable resource management in sensitive environments like Qinghai Lake.

DOI: 10.1007/s11631-025-00763-0

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11631-025-00763-0