英国谢菲尔德大学David J. Beerling团队发现，在美国农业的改造中，可以通过增强风化来实现碳去除。相关论文发表在2025年2月5日出版的《自然》杂志上。

研究团队通过对美国受资源供应限制特定州的碳循环进行详细分析，结果发现，到2050年，在农业用地上部署EW可以每年封存0.16-0.30亿吨二氧化碳。到2070年上升到每年封存0.25-0.49亿吨的二氧化碳。河流和海洋的地球化学评估表明，土壤中EW溶解产物的有效运输，提供了代际时间尺度上的CDR。

研究分析进一步表明，EW可能暂时有助于降低农业地区的地面臭氧和二次气溶胶浓度。CDR成本的地理空间图显示了美国各地的异质性，反映了农田与玄武岩源区的距离、EW部署的时间和不断变化的CDR率。CDR成本在头二十年最高，然后到2050年，下降到约100-150吨二氧化碳，包括对国家总CDR贡献最大的州。

虽然农业增强风化作用不能替代减排，但该研究评估强化了农业增强风化作用作为一项被忽视的实用创新的案例，有助于美国实现2050年净零排放目标。公众对农业增强风化作用的认识和农业增强风化作用在美国部署的公平影响需要进一步探索，研究人员注意到，以必要的规模动员农业增强风化作用产业可能需要几十年的时间。

据介绍，农业增强风化作用（EW）利用碎硅酸盐岩来驱动二氧化碳去除（CDR）。如果在农田上广泛采用，将有助于到2050实现净零排放。

附：英文原文

Title: Transforming US agriculture for carbon removal with enhanced weathering

Author: Beerling, David J., Kantzas, Euripides P., Lomas, Mark R., Taylor, Lyla L., Zhang, Shuang, Kanzaki, Yoshiki, Eufrasio, Rafael M., Renforth, Phil, Mecure, Jean-Francois, Pollitt, Hector, Holden, Philip B., Edwards, Neil R., Koh, Lenny, Epihov, Dimitar Z., Wolf, Adam, Hansen, James E., Banwart, Steven A., Pidgeon, Nick F., Reinhard, Christopher T., Planavsky, Noah J., Val Martin, Maria

Issue&Volume: 2025-02-05

Abstract: Enhanced weathering (EW) with agriculture uses crushed silicate rocks to drive carbon dioxide removal (CDR). If widely adopted on farmlands, it could help achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. Here we show, with a detailed US state-specific carbon cycle analysis constrained by resource provision, that EW deployed on agricultural land could sequester 0.16–0.30GtCO₂y^-1 by 2050, rising to 0.25–0.49GtCO₂yr^-1 by 2070. Geochemical assessment of rivers and oceans suggests effective transport of dissolved products from EW from soils, offering CDR on intergenerational timescales. Our analysis further indicates that EW may temporarily help lower ground-level ozone and concentrations of secondary aerosols in agricultural regions. Geospatially mapped CDR costs show heterogeneity across the USA, reflecting a combination of cropland distance from basalt source regions, timing of EW deployment and evolving CDR rates. CDR costs are highest in the first two decades before declining to about US$100–150tCO₂^-1 by 2050, including for states that contribute most to total national CDR. Although EW cannot be a substitute for emission reductions, our assessment strengthens the case for EW as an overlooked practical innovation for helping the USA meet net-zero 2050 goals. Public awareness of EW and equity impacts of EW deployment across the USA require further exploration and we note that mobilizing an EW industry at the necessary scale could take decades.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08429-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08429-2