加压镍酸盐单晶的体超导性可达96 K，这一成果由山东大学张俊杰等经过不懈努力而取得。相关论文于2025年12月2日发表在《自然》杂志上。

本文报道了在常压下合成的双层镍酸盐单晶在高压下的超导性高达96 K。能量色散谱、单晶X射线衍射、核四极共振和扫描透射电子显微镜均证实了熔剂生长La₂SmNi₂O_7-δ单晶具有较高的均匀性和晶体质量。La₂SmNi₂O₇表现出明显的块体超导性，包括零电阻率（T_c,max^onset = 92 K, T_c,max^zero = 73 K, 21 GPa）和迈斯纳效应（T_c = 60 K, 20.6 GPa）。低温高压结构研究表明，单斜结构和四方结构都能支持双层镍酸盐的超导性。

此外，课题组人员建立了高压下较高的T_c与环境条件下较大的面内晶格畸变之间的相关性，并通过观察La_1.57Sm_1.43Ni₂O_7-δ中更高的96 K T_c^onset得到了证实。该研究克服了镍酸盐超导体晶体生长的关键限制，解决了超导状态下的晶体结构问题，并为实现更高的T_c提供了有效途径。

据了解，最近，Ruddlesden-Popper双层镍酸盐La₃Ni₂O₇作为超导体出现，其转变温度（Tc）为~ 80k，高于14gpa。在镍酸盐超导体中实现更高的T_c，以及在不依赖高氧压力生长条件的情况下合成可重复的高质量单晶，仍然是一个重大挑战。

附：英文原文

Title: Bulk superconductivity up to 96 K in pressurized nickelate single crystals

Author: Li, Feiyu, Xing, Zhenfang, Peng, Di, Dou, Jie, Guo, Ning, Ma, Liang, Zhang, Yulin, Wang, Lingzhen, Luo, Jun, Yang, Jie, Zhang, Jian, Chang, Tieyan, Chen, Yu-Sheng, Cai, Weizhao, Cheng, Jinguang, Wang, Yuzhu, Liu, Yuxin, Luo, Tao, Hirao, Naohisa, Matsuoka, Takahiro, Kadobayashi, Hirokazu, Zeng, Zhidan, Zheng, Qiang, Zhou, Rui, Zeng, Qiaoshi, Tao, Xutang, Zhang, Junjie

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-02

Abstract: Recently, the Ruddlesden-Popper bilayer nickelate La3Ni2O7 has emerged as a superconductor with a transition temperature (Tc) of ~80 K above 14 GPa1-3. Achieving higher Tc in nickelate superconductors, along with the synthesis of reproducible high-quality single crystals without relying on high oxygen-pressure growth conditions, remains a significant challenge4-7. Here we report superconductivity up to 96 K under high pressure in bilayer nickelate single crystals synthesized at ambient pressure. Energy dispersive spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, nuclear quadrupole resonance, and scanning transmission electron microscopy evidenced high homogeneity and crystal quality of the flux-grown La2SmNi2O7-δ single crystals. La2SmNi2O7 exhibits clear bulk superconductivity, including zero resistivity (Tc,maxonset = 92 K and Tc,maxzero = 73 K at 21 GPa) and Meissner effect (Tc = 60 K at 20.6 GPa). Low-temperature high-pressure structural study indicates that both monoclinic and tetragonal structures can support superconductivity in this bilayer nickelate. Furthermore, we established a correlation between higher Tc under high pressures and larger in-plane lattice distortion at ambient conditions, corroborated by observing even higher Tconset of 96 K in La1.57Sm1.43Ni2O7-δ. This study overcomes key limitations in nickelate superconductor crystal growth, resolves the crystal structure in the superconducting state, and demonstrates an effective pathway towards achieving higher Tc.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09954-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09954-4