中国科学院大连化学物理研究所邓德会团队宣布他们的研究开发出了温和条件下氮和水直接合成氨。2025年12月2日出版的《美国化学会杂志》发表了这项成果。

本文报道了在Au/ α-MoC_1-x催化剂上，以CO为氧受体，由N₂和H₂O直接合成氨的工艺，从而绕过了在温和条件下N₂与H₂O活化的热力学限制。该工艺在低至100℃的温度下合成了NH₃，在320℃下NH₃的产率为1396 μmolNH₃ g_cat^-1 h^-1。研究小组发现Au/ α-MoC_1-x边界提供了Au^δ+物质用于CO吸附，腾出氧覆盖的Mo位点用于N₂吸附和H₂O解离为OH*物质，从而使N₂加氢成NH₃。该工艺通过氧受体和双功能Au/ α-MoC_1-x的协同作用，使氮和水直接合成氨。

据了解，氮（N₂）和水（H₂O）直接合成氨（NH₃）是一种很有前途的途径，它绕过了高能耗的制氢过程，实现了氨的节能生产，但它受到不利的反应热力学的限制。

附：英文原文

Title: Direct Ammonia Synthesis from Nitrogen and Water at Mild Conditions

Author: Baibei Zhao, Wei Hu, Chenxi Guan, Jun Mao, Yunlong Zhang, Rui Huang, Liang Yu, Dehui Deng

Issue&Volume: December 2, 2025

Abstract: Direct ammonia (NH3) synthesis from nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) is a promising route for achieving energy-efficient NH3 production by circumventing the energy-intensive H2 production process, yet it is limited by unfavorable reaction thermodynamics. Herein, we report a direct ammonia synthesis process from N2 and H2O with CO as the oxygen acceptor to remove oxygen from H2O over a Au/α-MoC1–x catalyst, thereby bypassing the thermodynamic limitation of N2 activation with H2O under mild conditions. This process achieves NH3 synthesis at temperatures as low as 100 °C, yielding 1396 μmolNH3 gcat–1 h–1 of NH3 at 320 °C. We disclose that the Au/α-MoC1–x boundary offers Auδ+ species for CO adsorption to vacate oxygen-covered Mo sites for N2 adsorption and H2O dissociation to OH* species, enabling stepwise N2 hydrogenation to NH3. This process enables direct ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water through the synergistic cooperation of the oxygen acceptor and bifunctional Au/α-MoC1–x.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c17318

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c17318