同济大学马吉伟小组取得一项新突破。他们开发出铂族金属单原子合金酸性析氢催化剂的空间约束合成。该项研究成果发表在2025年12月2日出版的《美国化学会杂志》上。

在此，该课题组研究人员报告了通过空间约束策略成功制备了碳壳封装的Pt掺杂NiFe单原子合金（C@Pt-NiFe SAA）催化剂，随后对详细的形成过程进行了研究。正如预期的那样，与商业Pt/C相比，C@Pt-NiFe SAA在酸性析氢反应（HER）中表现出更高的质量活性。值得注意的是，当集成到PEMWE阴极中时，C@Pt-NiFe SAA的性能也优于商用Pt/C。Operando X射线吸收光谱（XAS）表征证实了反应过程中原位产生的低配位Pt位点是主要的活性位点，而理论计算证实了优化的Pt单原子电子结构和ΔGH*，这共同促进了C@Pt-NiFe SAA的HER活性增强。令人鼓舞的是，这种空间约束策略可以普遍用于制备其他铂族金属（PGM, PGM = Ru, Rh, Pd， Os和Ir）的SAAs。这项工作不仅表明C@Pt-NiFe SAA是实用的PEMWEs阴极主题催化剂的候选催化剂，而且激发了研究兴趣，进一步探索其他基于PGM的SAAs在广泛的电催化领域的有前途的应用。

据了解，Pt基单原子合金（SAA）催化剂的构建可以同时满足质子交换膜水电解槽（PEMWE）阴极对低Pt负载和高性能的要求，但其可控合成仍然是一个挑战。

附：英文原文

Title: Spatial Confinement Synthesis of Platinum Group Metal Single-Atom Alloy Catalysts for Acidic Hydrogen Evolution

Author: Yiming Zhu, Wei-Hsiang Huang, Xinyue Shi, Shangheng Liu, Mohamed Ait Tamerd, Menghao Yang, Jiayi Li, Min-Hsin Yeh, Chun-Chi Chang, Hongfei Cheng, Jiwei Ma

Issue&Volume: December 2, 2025

Abstract: The construction of a Pt-based single-atom alloy (SAA) catalyst could concurrently fulfill the demands for low Pt loading and high performance of the cathode of a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE), but its controllable synthesis remains a challenge. Herein, we report the successful fabrication of carbon shell-encapsulated Pt-doped NiFe single-atom alloy (C@Pt-NiFe SAA) catalysts via a spatial confinement strategy, followed by an investigation of the detailed formation process. As expected, compared with commercial Pt/C, C@Pt-NiFe SAA exhibits enhanced mass activity for the acidic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Remarkably, when integrated into PEMWE cathodes, C@Pt-NiFe SAA also outperforms commercial Pt/C. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) characterization confirms that the low-coordination Pt sites generated in situ during the reaction serve as the main active sites, whereas theoretical calculations confirm the optimized electronic structure and ΔGH* of the Pt single atoms, which jointly contribute to the enhanced HER activity of C@Pt-NiFe SAA. Inspiringly, this spatial confinement strategy can be universally used to prepare other platinum group metal (PGM, PGM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, and Ir)-based SAAs. This work not only shows that C@Pt-NiFe SAA is a promising candidate catalyst for use at the cathode of practical PEMWEs but also stimulates research interest in further exploring the promising applications of other PGM-based SAAs in the broad electrocatalytic field.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c10431

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c10431