近日，中国科学院长春应用化学研究所邢巍团队研究了协同Ir单原子簇双位催化甲醇低温水相脱氢。这一研究成果于2025年12月24日发表在《国家科学评论》杂志上。

甲醇水相重整制氢技术为高效产氢与安全储运提供了可行路径，但其通常需要苛刻的反应条件（200°C以上、25–50 bar）和能耗较高的纯化过程。

研究组报道了一种具有协同催化效应的铱单原子-团簇双位点非均相催化剂，首次在极低温度（75–95°C）和常压条件下实现了甲醇与水高效制氢。这种独特的协同效应驱动了串联反应路径：铱团簇促进甲醇脱氢生成甲酸，而相邻的铱单原子则加速甲酸分解为H₂和CO₂，从而有效抑制CO中间体的生成。基于此，所开发的催化剂实现了346.9 mol_H2 mol_Ir^-1 h^-1的卓越产氢速率和100%的氢气选择性，且未检测到CO生成。据他们所知，这是目前多相催化实现高效甲醇制氢转换的最低温度范围之一，该进展将推动甲醇作为实用液态储氢载体，实现按需生产高纯度氢气。

附：英文原文

Title: Low-temperature aqueous-phase dehydrogenation of methanol catalyzed by synergistic Ir single-atom and cluster dual sites

Author: Liu, Xiaohui, Guan, Xin, Jia, Xiaolong, Bai, Jingsen, Li, Wenjing, Li, Xinying, Zhu, Jianbing, Shao, Minhua, Liu, Changpeng, Xiao, Meiling, Jiang, Qing, Xing, Wei

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-24

Abstract: Aqueous-phase reforming of methanol (APRM) offers a promising route for efficient hydrogen generation and safe transportation, yet it typically requires harsh conditions (above 200°C, 25–50 bar) and energy-intensive purification. Here, we report a heterogeneous catalyst featuring synergistic Ir single-atom and cluster dual sites that enables efficient hydrogen production from methanol and water at record-low temperatures (75–95°C) and ambient pressure. This unique ensemble effect drives a tandem reaction pathway, with Ir clusters promoting methanol dehydrogenation to formic acid, while adjacent Ir single atoms facilitating rapid formic acid decomposition into H2 and CO2 to suppress CO intermediates. As a result, the developed catalyst achieves a remarkable hydrogen production rate of 346.9 molH2 molIr1 h1 and 100% H2 selectivity with no detectable CO formation. To the best of our knowledge, this represents one of the lowest temperature ranges demonstrated for efficient methanol-to-hydrogen conversion via heterogeneous catalysis, advancing methanol as a practical liquid H2 carrier for on-demand high-purity hydrogen production.

DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf585

Source: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf585