近日，山东大学赵涵及其小组研制了人胚胎与子宫内膜3D植入后共培养。2025年12月23日，国际知名学术期刊《细胞—干细胞》发表了这一成果。

该研究团队开发了一个生理学相关的3D平台，支持人类胚胎与子宫内膜类器官的共培养，实现胚胎与母体的互惠交流。该系统将发育持续到受精后第14天，其结构和分子与卡内基阶段里程碑保持一致，包括卵黄囊形成、原始生殖细胞分化和滋养细胞成熟。单细胞转录组学和功能分析显示，子宫内膜生态位在受精后第9天加速了子宫外滋养细胞的出现，并启动了它们的侵袭程序。母体信号的破坏，包括人绒毛膜促性腺激素信号阻断，明显损害胚胎发育。这种共培养系统提供了一个强大的和易于处理的模型来解剖人类植入前后的发育，与早期妊娠丢失、胎盘生物学和生殖医学有广泛的相关性。

据介绍，胚胎与母体的相互作用对着床后的人类发育至关重要。虽然子宫内膜类器官已经实现了子宫环境的体外建模，但与人类胚胎完全集成的3D共培养系统尚未建立。

附：英文原文

Title: 3D post-implantation co-culture of human embryo and endometrium

Author: Jinzhu Song, Rusong Zhao, Yu Zhang, Minghui Lu, Peishu Liu, Tao Li, Cheng Li, Ruijie Yu, Xueyao Chen, Huajian Yang, Xinwen Zhang, Yining Su, Yanli Han, Duanchen Sun, Qingbin Zhou, Zhenzhen Hou, Weijing Liu, Xiaoyuan Gao, Wenrong Tao, Jingye Zhang, Jingwen Wang, Yingying Qin, Hongmei Wang, Keliang Wu, Jun Wu, Zi-Jiang Chen, Han Zhao

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-23

Abstract: Embryo-maternal interaction is essential for post-implantation human development. While endometrial organoids have enabled in vitro modeling of the uterine environment, a fully integrated 3D co-culture system with human embryos has not been established. Here, we develop a physiologically relevant 3D platform that supports the co-culture of human embryos with endometrial organoids, enabling reciprocal embryo-maternal communication. This system sustains development to day 14 post-fertilization with structural and molecular fidelity to Carnegie stage landmarks, including yolk sac formation, primordial germ cell specification, and trophoblast maturation. Single-cell transcriptomics and functional assays reveal that the endometrial niche accelerates extravillous trophoblast emergence at day 9 post-fertilization and primes their invasive programs. Disruption of maternal signals, including human chorionic gonadotropin signaling blockade, markedly impairs embryonic progression. This co-culture system provides a powerful and tractable model to dissect human peri- and post-implantation development, with broad relevance to early pregnancy loss, placental biology, and reproductive medicine.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2025.12.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/abstract/S1934-5909(25)00436-9