近日，英国布里斯托大学Melanie A de Lange团队研究了夏令时时钟变化对英格兰身心健康的急性影响。2025年12月17日出版的《英国医学杂志》发表了这项成果。

为了探讨夏令时时钟变化对英格兰初级和二级保健中心理和身体健康事件的急性影响，研究组进行了一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究。

选择为临床实践研究数据链GOLD数据库做出贡献的英国初级保健实践，与医院入院和事故及急诊数据相关联。683809人（道路交通伤害：所有年龄段；心血管疾病：年龄≥40岁；所有其他疾病：≥10岁）参与了英国全科医院注册，在2008年至2019年春季或秋季时钟变化前后的八周内，他们的初级或二级医疗记录中有健康事件，其中一种健康状况相关。健康事件被定义为初级保健中的焦虑、严重急性心血管疾病、抑郁、饮食失调、道路交通伤害、自残或睡眠障碍的诊断代码（或初级保健中的精神健康状况的症状代码和处方），或事故和紧急情况中的精神状况。采用负二项回归模型校正一周中的天数和地区（和春季的复活节周末），比较了时钟变化后一周内每天的平均事件率和对照期（变化前四周和变化后2-4周）。

在秋季时钟改变后的一周内，五种健康状况的事件减少：焦虑(从每天17.3起（每年，每个地区）减少到16.7起；发病率比0.97,95%可信区间0.95 ~ 0.98)、急性心血管疾病（50.0 ~ 48.9;0.98、0.96 ~ 0.999）、抑郁症（44.6 ~ 42.7;0.96、0.95 ~ 0.97）、精神疾病（3.5 ~ 3.3;0.94、0.90 ~ 0.98）和睡眠障碍（5.4 ~ 4.9;0.92、0.87 ~ 0.97）。几乎没有证据表明饮食失调诊断、道路交通伤害、自残或春季时钟改变后的变化有所减少。

研究结果表明，冬令时时钟变化后一周与心血管疾病、睡眠障碍和精神健康障碍事件的减少有关，但几乎没有证据表明春季时钟变化与健康事件数量的变化有关。电子健康记录包含临床医生记录健康事件的日期，这不一定是症状发作的日期。

附：英文原文

Title: Acute effects of daylight saving time clock changes on mental and physical health in England: population based retrospective cohort study

Author: Melanie A de Lange, Kate Birnie, Rebecca C Richmond, Chin Yang Shapland, Sophie V Eastwood, Kate Tilling, Neil M Davies

Issue&Volume: 2025/12/17

Abstract:

Objective To explore the acute effects of daylight saving time clock changes on mental and physical health events in primary and secondary care in England.

Design Population based retrospective cohort study.

Setting English primary care practices contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database, linked to hospital admissions and accident and emergency data.

Participants 683809 people (road traffic injuries: all ages; cardiovascular disease: aged ≥40 years; all other conditions: ≥10 years) registered with a participating English general practice, with a health event for one of the health conditions of interest in their primary or secondary care record in the eight weeks surrounding the spring or autumn clock changes between 2008 and 2019.

Main outcome measures Health events were defined as a diagnosis code (or symptom code and prescription for mental health conditions in primary care) of anxiety, major acute cardiovascular disease, depression, eating disorder, road traffic injury, self-harm, or sleep disorder in primary or secondary care or a psychiatric condition in accident and emergency. Negative binomial regression models, adjusted for day of the week and region (and Easter weekend in spring), compared mean event rates per day in the week after the clock changes and the control period (four weeks before the changes and weeks 2-4 after).

Results In the week after the autumn clock change, five health conditions had fewer events: anxiety (from 17.3 events per day (per year, per region) to 16.7; incidence rate ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 0.98), acute cardiovascular disease (from 50.0 to 48.9; 0.98, 0.96 to 0.999), depression (from 44.6 to 42.7; 0.96, 0.95 to 0.97), psychiatric conditions (from 3.5 to 3.3; 0.94, 0.90 to 0.98), and sleep disorders (from 5.4 to 4.9; 0.92, 0.87 to 0.97). Little evidence was found of reductions in eating disorder diagnoses, road traffic injuries, or self-harm or of changes after the spring clock change.

Conclusion The week after the autumn clock change was associated with a reduction in events for cardiovascular disease, sleep disorders, and mental health disorders, but little evidence suggested that the spring clock change was associated with a change in the number of health events. Electronic health records contain the date that a health event is recorded by a clinician, which is not necessarily the date of symptom onset.

DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2025-085962

Source: https://www.bmj.com/content/391/bmj-2025-085962