新月沃地的洞穴记录覆盖了最后一次冰川消融，更好地说明了新石器时代的背景，这一成果由
了伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区从末次盛冰期末期（LGM）到全新世早期（18.0 ~ 7.5 ka）的高分辨率、多代用指标（碳、氧同位素、微量元素和锶同位素）的岩洞记录，涵盖了新月沃地核心区（FC）的表新石器-新石器过渡时期。记录表明，当地降雨量的变化与格陵兰岛温度的变化一致，在Bølling–Allerød期间降水增加，多年代际水气候变率增强。接着是更干燥和更干燥的新仙女木期。与区域古气候资料的比较表明，整个东北缘的降水模式相似，但东北缘的水文气候变率较大，东北缘的水文气候变率较干燥。最重要的是，这些记录提供了一个详细的、年代准确的古环境模板，通过该模板可以在次区域尺度上将特定的文化事件背景化，正如最近对共享类似环境设置的关键遗址的考古研究所揭示的那样，可以调查气候和环境变化在塑造整个FC不同新石器时代模式中的作用。
附：英文原文
Title: A speleothem record from the Fertile Crescent covering the last deglaciation better contextualizes neolithization
Author: Regattieri, Eleonora, Forti, Luca, Drysdale, Russell N., Hu, Hsun-Ming, Shen, Chuan-Chou, Cornacchia, Irene, Agostini, Samuele, Isola, Ilaria, Conati Barbaro, Cecilia, Morandi Bonacossi, Daniele, Koliński, Rafal, Griffiths, Michael L., Zerboni, Andrea
Issue&Volume: 2025-12-1
Abstract: This study presents a high-resolution, multiproxy (carbon and oxygen isotopes, trace elements, and strontium isotopes) speleothem record from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq extending from the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the Early Holocene (18.0 to 7.5 ka), encompassing the Epipaleolithic–Neolithic transition in the core area of the Fertile Crescent (FC). The record shows that changes in local rainfall amount were coincident with changes in Greenland temperatures, with increased precipitation and enhanced multidecadal hydroclimatic variability during the Blling–Allerd chronozone, followed by a drier and dustier Younger Dryas. Comparison with regional paleoclimate data suggests similar precipitation patterns across the FC, but with greater hydroclimate variability during the BA and drier conditions during the YD in the eastern sector. Crucially, the record provides a detailed and well-dated paleoenvironmental template by which to contextualize specific cultural events at the subregional scale, as revealed by recent archaeological research on key sites sharing similar environmental settings, allowing to investigate the role of climatic and environmental changes in shaping different neolithization patterns across the FC.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2502092122
Source: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2502092122