以色列特拉维夫大学Oded Rechavi课题组发现了低温和锂延迟秀丽隐杆线虫嗅觉记忆的遗忘。相关论文于2025年12月18日发表在《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

研究小组发现，暴露在寒冷中会使特定嗅觉记忆的遗忘延迟8倍以上，而适应寒冷会消除这种影响。为了研究潜在的机制，该课题组研究人员进行了RNA测序、突变分析和药理学分析。

在这里，研究组表明膜特性的调节是冷诱导的延迟遗忘的存在和不存在的基础。

此外，锂还可以延缓对冷敏感的蠕虫的遗忘，而对耐寒的蠕虫则没有；这种作用包括AWC神经元中二酰基甘油通路的下调和下游AIY中间神经元活性的长期抑制。因此，蠕虫的遗传易感性可能被用来研究锂和低温暴露的作用机制，更根本的是，研究记忆是如何储存和丢失的。

据介绍，记忆的持久性不仅反映了它是如何形成的，也反映了遗忘是如何被延迟的。控制遗忘的机制仍然不清楚，特别是不清楚这个过程在多大程度上受到积极调节。

附：英文原文

Title: Cold and lithium delay forgetting of olfactory memories in Caenorhabditis elegans

Author: Landschaft-Berliner, Dana, Goldstein, Kesem, Teichman, Guy, Anava, Sarit, Gingold, Hila, Salzberg, Yehuda, Rieger, Itai, Levy, Noam, Pechuk, Vladyslava, Setty, Hagar, Agarwal, Priti, Sagi, Dror, Cohen, Dror, Nikelshparg, Evelina, Ben-Zvi, Anat, Miranda-Vizuete, Antonio, Zaidel-Bar, Ronen, Oren-Suissa, Meital, Rechavi, Oded

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-18

Abstract: The persistence of memory reflects not only how it is formed but also how forgetting is delayed. The mechanisms controlling forgetting remain obscure, and in particular it is unclear to what degree this process is actively regulated. We discovered that cold exposure delays forgetting of specific olfactory memories by more than eight-fold and that adaptation to cold abolishes this effect. To study the underlying mechanism, we performed RNA sequencing, mutant analyses and pharmacological assays. Here we show that regulation of membrane properties underlies the presence and absence of cold-induced delayed forgetting. Furthermore, lithium can also delay forgetting in cold-sensitive worms but not in cold-tolerant worms; this effect involves downregulation of the diacylglycerol pathway in AWC neurons and long-term suppression of activity in the downstream AIY interneurons. Thus, the genetic tractability of worms might be harnessed to study the mechanism of action of lithium and cold exposure and, more fundamentally, how memory is stored and lost.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02143-6

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-02143-6