近日，陕西师范大学郑华团队研究了非相对论夸克势模型的经典解释：色电荷定义和介子质量半径关系。2025年12月16日，《中国物理C》杂志发表了这一成果。

量子色动力学作为描述夸克相互作用的基本理论，其衍生的各类夸克模型已被广泛应用于研究强子的结构与质量谱等性质。然而，与量子电动力学和氢原子玻尔模型不同，强子结构缺乏直接的经典对应物。

研究组通过对非相对论性夸克势模型提出经典诠释，借助色荷与色通量的量化表达，为强相互作用提供了更直观可视的描述框架。进一步地，他们在非相对论框架下建立了介子质量与其结构半径的关联关系，并利用η_b(1S)和Υ(1S)的现有数据对模型关键参数进行了估算。随后将该关系拓展至更广泛的激发态介子体系，获得的结构半径与量子色动力学计算给出的均方根半径或电荷半径预测值具有良好的一致性。

附：英文原文

Title: A Classical Interpretation of the Nonrelativistic Quark Potential Model: Color Charge Definition and the Meson Mass-Radius Relationship

Author: ZhiGuang Tan, YouNeng Guo, ShengJie Wang, Hua Zheng

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-16

Abstract: Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental theory describing quark interactions, and various quark models based on QCD have been widely used to study the properties of hadrons, including their structures and mass spectra. However, unlike Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and the Bohr model of hydrogen atom, there is no direct classical analogy for hadronic structures. This paper presents a classical interpretation of the nonrelativistic quark potential model, providing a more intuitive and visualizable description of strong interactions through the quantitative formulation of color charge and color flux. Furthermore, we establish the relationship between meson mass and its structural radius in the nonrelativistic framework and estimate the key parameters of our model using available data from ηb(1S) and γ(1S). We then extend this relationship to a broader range of excited meson states, obtaining their structural radii that show good agreement with the root mean square (RMS) radius or charge radius predicted by QCD calculations.

DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae28e9

Source: http://hepnp.ihep.ac.cn/article/doi/10.1088/1674-1137/ae28e9