Joseph A.Tobias课题组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们的研究显示，土地利用变化破坏了鸟类功能多样性的稳定性。这一研究成果于2025年11月26日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然》上。

在此，课题组人员对全球1,281个地点的3,696种鸟类进行了形态学测量，以估计最近人为陆地主题变化后功能冗余的变化。然后，该研究团队进行了主题灭绝模拟，以评估这些改变的组合对未来物种损失的敏感性。虽然在土地主题变化后，抗干扰物种的比例增加，但研究人员发现这并没有增加稳定性，因为主题功能冗余减少了。这种冗余度的下降破坏了生态系统功能的稳定性，因为相对较少的额外灭绝导致功能多样性的加速丧失，特别是在提供重要生态服务的营养类群中，如种子传播和昆虫捕食。他们的分析表明，土地主题的变化可能对关键生态功能的恢复力产生重大而未被发现的影响，阻碍了自然生态系统吸收由持续扰动引起的功能进一步减少的能力。

研究人员表示，土地主题变化是物种组合组成和功能多样性的广泛变化。然而，它对生态系统恢复力的影响仍不确定。在土地主题变化后，生态系统功能的稳定性可能会增加，因为最敏感的物种被移除，留下更有弹性的生存物种。另外，如果土地主题变化减少了功能冗余，生态系统可能会不稳定，从而加剧物种进一步丧失的生态影响。目前的证据是不确定的，部分原因是主题特征数据还不能在足够的规模上量化功能稳定性。

附：英文原文

Title: Land-use change undermines the stability of avian functional diversity

Author: Weeks, Thomas L., Walkden, Patrick A., Edwards, David P., Lees, Alexander C., Pigot, Alexander L., Purvis, Andy, Tobias, Joseph A.

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-26

Abstract: Land-use change causes widespread shifts in the composition and functional diversity of species assemblages. However, its impact on ecosystem resilience remains uncertain. The stability of ecosystem functioning may increase after land-use change because the most sensitive species are removed, which leaves more resilient survivors1,2,3. Alternatively, ecosystems may be destabilized if land-use change reduces functional redundancy, which accentuates the ecological impacts of further species loss4,5. Current evidence is inconclusive, partly because trait data have not been available to quantify functional stability at sufficient scale. Here we use morphological measurements of 3,696 bird species to estimate shifts in functional redundancy after recent anthropogenic land-use change at 1,281 sites worldwide. We then use extinction simulations to assess the sensitivity of these altered assemblages to future species loss. Although the proportion of disturbance-tolerant species increases after land-use change, we show that this does not increase stability because functional redundancy is reduced. This decline in redundancy destabilizes ecosystem function because relatively few additional extinctions lead to accelerated losses of functional diversity, particularly in trophic groups that deliver important ecological services such as seed dispersal and insect predation. Our analyses indicate that land-use change may have major undetected impacts on the resilience of key ecological functions, hindering the capacity of natural ecosystems to absorb further reductions in functionality caused by ongoing perturbations.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09788-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09788-0