加州大学Catriona H.M. Jamieson课题组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们报道了太空相关的干细胞标志着宇航员的衰老和恢复能力。该研究于2025年11月24日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞—干细胞》杂志上。

研究小组对9名宇航员进行了HSPC功能组织的多组学衰老和恢复（HSPC-FOMA-R）分析，这些宇航员分别在三次短期国际空间站（ISS）任务之前、期间和之后。全基因组测序（端粒长度分析、线粒体和克隆突变分析）、全转录组测序（RNA编辑和反转录转座子分析）、单细胞RNA测序、细胞因子阵列和荧光活化细胞分选（FACS）分析评估了HSPC和免疫亚群的生存动态。研究小组发现，太空飞行与HSPC存活和自我更新、与RNA1相关的腺苷脱氨酶（ADAR1）、端粒维持、动员、细胞周期和“战斗或逃跑”基因表达的部分可逆变化有关。结合克隆造血突变、载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑催化多肽样（APOBEC3C）激活和反转录转座子解除调控，在延长任务之前需要进行HSPC-FOMA-R分析。

研究人员表示，先前的报告显示，长时间的太空飞行后会出现免疫功能障碍、染色体异常、细胞因子失调和端粒改变。然而，空间应激对造血干细胞和祖细胞（HSPCs）的影响及其维持终身造血和免疫的弹性特性尚未得到研究。

附：英文原文

Title: Space-associated stem cell hallmarks of aging and resilience in astronauts

Author: Jessica Pham, Shuvro P. Nandi, Larisa Balaian, Claire Engstrom, Patrick Chang, Karla Mack, Inge van der Werf, Emma Klacking, Jenna Sneifer, Neha Katragadda, Kendale Wirtjes, Antonio Ruiz, Daisy Chilin-Fuentes, Elsa Molina, Pinar Mesci, Jana Stoudemire, Sheldon R. Morris, Thomas Whisenant, Ludmil B. Alexandrov, Catriona H.M. Jamieson

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-24

Abstract: Previous reports revealed immune dysfunction, chromosomal abnormalities, cytokine deregulation, and telomere alterations after prolonged spaceflight. However, the stress of space on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and the resilience properties maintaining lifelong hematopoiesis and immunity were not studied. We performed HSPC functionally organized multi-omics aging and resilience (HSPC-FOMA-R) analyses in 9 astronauts before, during, and after three short-duration International Space Station (ISS) missions. Whole-genome sequencing (with telomere length analysis and mitochondrial and clonal mutational profiling), whole-transcriptome sequencing (with RNA editing and retrotransposon analyses), single-cell RNA sequencing, cytokine arrays, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses assessed HSPC and immune subpopulation survival dynamics. We show that spaceflight is associated with partially reversible changes in HSPC survival and self-renewal, adenosine deaminase associated with RNA1 (ADAR1), telomere maintenance, mobilization, cell cycle, and “fight or flight” gene expression. Combined with clonal hematopoietic mutations, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC3C) activation, and retrotransposon deregulation, HSPC-FOMA-R analyses are needed before extended missions.

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2025.11.001

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/abstract/S1934-5909(25)00408-4