近日，同济大学王超团队报道了定制的界面化学实现超稳定的O3型钠层状氧化物阴极。该研究于2025年11月13日发表在《美国化学会志》上。

在钠离子电池所有氧化物正极材料中，O3型过渡金属氧化物因其高容量被视为最具商业化潜力的体系。然而，这类材料在空气暴露与电化学循环过程中存在的界面不稳定性及寄生副反应，使其商业化进程仍面临挑战。

研究组提出一种新型近表面工程策略，在NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂（NFM）表面构建多功能钙基界面相。所形成的富钙岩盐表面层具有坚固的Ca-O框架，不仅显著提升材料空气稳定性，还改善了电极加工性能。在循环过程中，该工程化界面相能促进有利的Na⁺传输动力学，并有效抑制界面寄生反应，从而赋予电极优异的长期电化学性能。最终，经表面工程的NFM正极在5倍率（600 mA g^-1）下展现出117.5 mA h g^-1的优异倍率性能，并在500次循环后的容量保持率为83.3%。该研究为稳定高活性O3型正极材料提供了普适性的界面设计策略。

附：英文原文

Title: Tailored Interphase Chemistry Enables Ultra-Stable O3-Type Sodium Layered Oxide Cathodes

Author: Zhiqi Yang, Jisheng Xie, Yi Li, Yifan He, Ganxiong Liu, Ge Qu, Guohua Zhang, Yuesheng Wang, Jihan Zhou, Yunhui Huang, Chao Wang

Issue&Volume: November 13, 2025

Abstract: Among all oxide-based cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries, the O3-type transition metal oxides are considered the most commercially viable due to their high capacity. However, their commercialization remains challenging due to interfacial instability and parasitic side reactions, upon both air exposure and electrochemical cycling. Here, we present a novel near-surface engineering strategy to construct a multifunctional calcium-based interphase on NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 (NFM). The resulting Ca-rich rock-salt surface layer features a robust Ca–O framework, which significantly enhances air stability while also improving electrode processability. During cycling, the engineered interphase facilitates favorable Na+ transport kinetics and effectively suppresses parasitic interfacial reactions, thereby contributing to an improved long-term electrochemical performance. As a result, the surface-engineered NFM delivers a superior rate capability of 117.5 mA h g–1 at 5 C (600 mA g–1) and an outstanding capacity retention of 83.3% after 500 cycles. This work offers a universal interphase design strategy for stabilizing highly reactive O3-type cathodes.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c10193

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c10193