营养竞争预测药物扰动下肠道微生物群的重组，这一成果由斯坦福大学Kerwyn Casey Huang小组经过不懈努力而取得。相关论文发表在2025年11月17日出版的《细胞》杂志上。

为了探究这些影响，课题组研究人员筛选了707种临床相关药物的粪便来源的体外群落。在大约5000种社区药物条件下，营养竞争形成了组成和代谢组学反应，某些物种由于竞争对手的抑制而扩张。大多数成分的变化是由菌株灭绝引起的，并通过重新引入已灭绝的物种而逆转，尽管某些药物在治疗后很长一段时间内促进了替代状态。尽管有强大的选择压力，但抗性很少出现。整个群落对药物的反应在质量上是保守的，而营养竞争在数量上调整了物种丰度，与消费者抵抗模型的预测一致。总之，营养竞争提供了一个预测框架，以预测和潜在地减轻药物对肠道微生物群的副作用。

据介绍，人类肠道细菌经常暴露在压力下，社区层面的反应很难预测。

附：英文原文

Title: Nutrient competition predicts gut microbiome restructuring under drug perturbations

Author: Handuo Shi, Daniel P. Newton, Taylor H. Nguyen, Sylvie Estrela, Juan Sanchez, Michael Tu, Po-Yi Ho, Qinglin Zeng, Brian C. DeFelice, Justin L. Sonnenburg, Kerwyn Casey Huang

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-17

Abstract: Human gut bacteria are routinely exposed to stresses, and community-level responses are difficult to predict. To interrogate these effects, we screened stool-derived in vitro communities with 707 clinically relevant drugs. Across ～5,000 community-drug conditions, compositional and metabolomic responses were shaped by nutrient competition, with certain species expanding due to the suppression of competitors. Most compositional changes arose from strain extinction and were reversed by reintroducing extinct species, although certain drugs promoted alternative states long after treatment. Despite strong selection pressures, resistance emergence was infrequent. Responses to drugs were qualitatively conserved across communities, while nutrient competition quantitatively tuned species abundances, consistent with consumer-resource model predictions. Together, nutrient competition provides a predictive framework to anticipate and potentially mitigate drug side effects on the gut microbiota.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.10.038

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)01243-7