为了验证这一假设，研究团队分析了73个古代狗的基因组，其中包括17个新测序的个体，样本来自东亚到欧亚西部草原，跨越近1万年。他们的研究结果表明，狗的祖先与从东欧到东西伯利亚的特定古人类种群之间存在相关性，包括古代古西伯利亚人、东部狩猎采集者、东亚人和草原牧民。课题组研究人员还发现狗的祖先发生了多次变化，这些变化与狩猎采集者、农民和牧民的特定分散相吻合。综合起来，他们的研究结果揭示了狗在许多人类社会中扮演的长期和不可或缺的角色。
据了解，作为最早的家养物种，狗可能在晚更新世和全新世期间分散在不同的文化群体中。
附：英文原文
Title: Genomic evidence for the Holocene codispersal of dogs and humans across Eastern Eurasia
Author: Shao-Jie Zhang, Lachie Scarsbrook, Haoran Li, Alberto Carmagnini, Sophy Charlton, Tatiana Feuerborn, Gennady Boeskorov, Guoke Chen, Jean-Marc Deom, Evangelos A. Dimopoulos, Keith Dobney, Jiajia Dong, Linyao Du, Anders Johannes Hansen, Alex Harris, Germán Hernández-Alonso, Xin Jia, Alexander Kim, Gui-Mei Li, Ruli Li, Anna Linderholm, Alan Outram, Menghan Qiu, Lele Ren, Qiurong Ruan, Renato Sala, Alexander Stepanov, Yonggang Sun, Kristina Tabbada, Olaf Thalmann, Victor Varfolomeev, Lu Wang, Qianqian Wang, Shan Wang, Wenyu Wei, Yishi Yang, Jiangxian Yin, Viktor Zaibert, Zhixiong Zhang, Guanghui Dong, Erika Rosengren, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, Elaine A. Ostrander, Greger Larson, Minmin Ma, Laurent A. F. Frantz, Guo-Dong Wang
Issue&Volume: 2025-11-13
Abstract: As the first domestic species, dogs likely dispersed with different cultural groups during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed 73 ancient dog genomes, including 17 newly sequenced individuals sampled from East Asia to the West Eurasian Steppe spanning nearly 10,000 years. Our results indicate correlations between the ancestry of dogs and specific ancient human populations from eastern Europe to Eastern Siberia, including Ancient Paleo-Siberians, Eastern hunter-gatherers, East Asians, and Steppe pastoralists. We also identify multiple shifts in the ancestry of dogs that coincide with specific dispersals of hunter-gatherers, farmers, and pastoralists. Combined, our results reveal the long-term and integral role that dogs played in a multitude of human societies.
DOI: adu2836
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu2836