狗形态的出现和多样化，这一成果由
在这项研究中，该团队以三维几何形态计量学为主题，分析了过去5万年中643个犬科动物颅骨的大小和形状。他们的分析表明，一种独特的狗形态最早出现在距今11000年的校准年之前，全新世早期的狗已经存在大量的表型多样性。因此，这种变异在19世纪人类介导的激烈选择形成现代犬种之前几千年就出现了。
据了解，由于狗与人类的长期交往，它们表现出了非同寻常的形态多样性。由于更新世标本的数量有限，遗骸的碎片性，以及根据骨骼形态区分早期狗和狼的困难，确定狗形态变化何时开始扩大的尝试受到了限制。
附：英文原文
Title: The emergence and diversification of dog morphology
Author: Allowen Evin, Carly Ameen, Colline Brassard, Sophie Dennis, Ekaterina E. Antipina, Vincent Bonhomme, Myriam Boudadi-Maligne, Kate Britton, Francisco Gil Cano, Ruth F. Carden, Julien Claude, Lídia Colominas, Stefan Curth, Sergey Egorovich Fedorov, Joan Frances, Daniela C. Kalthoff, Andrew C. Kitchener, Rick Knecht, Pavel Kosintsev, Anna Linderholm, Robert Losey, Ilia Merts, Viktor Merts, Maria Mostadius, Mark Omura, Vedat Onar, Alan K. Outram, Joris Peters, André Rehazek, Erika Rosengren, Mikhail Sablin, Paul Sciulli, Maria Seguí, Z. Jack Tseng, Emma Usmanova, Victor Varfolomeev, Susan Crockford, Yaroslav Kuzmin, Laurent Frantz, Keith Dobney, Greger Larson
Issue&Volume: 2025-11-13
Abstract: Dogs exhibit an exceptional range of morphological diversity as a result of their long-term association with humans. Attempts to identify when dog morphological variation began to expand have been constrained by the limited number of Pleistocene specimens, the fragmentary nature of remains, and difficulties in distinguishing early dogs from wolves on the basis of skeletal morphology. In this study, we used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyze the size and shape of 643 canid crania spanning the past 50,000 years. Our analyses show that a distinctive dog morphology first appeared at about 11,000 calibrated years before present, and substantial phenotypic diversity already existed in early Holocene dogs. Thus, this variation emerged many millennia before the intense human-mediated selection shaping modern dog breeds beginning in the 19th century.
DOI: adt0995
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt0995