通过对775项陆地系统研究（2223个效应大小）的全球荟萃分析，该研究团队发现最一致的负面影响是由入侵植物引起的本地植物多样性的减少和由入侵植物和动物驱动的温室气体排放的增加。
然而，发表偏倚的证据表明，后者应谨慎解释。入侵植物的停留时间是一个关键的预测因子：较长的停留时间加剧了入侵植物对本地多样性的负面影响，而对土壤非生物特性的影响则随着时间的推移而减弱。它们的综合表明，一些特性，如本地植物多样性，对入侵保持持续敏感，而其他特性则随着入侵的持续而变化。
据悉，生物入侵可以改变生态系统，但其影响因生态环境而异。
附：英文原文
Title: Invasion impacts in terrestrial ecosystems: Global patterns and predictors
Author: Madhav P. Thakur, Zhizhuang Gu, Mark van Kleunen, Xuhui Zhou
Issue&Volume: 2025-10-23
Abstract: Biological invasions can alter ecosystems, yet their impacts vary across ecological contexts. Using a global meta-analysis of 775 studies (2223 effect sizes) in terrestrial systems, we show that the most consistent negative impacts are reductions in native plant diversity caused by invasive plants and increases in greenhouse gas emissions driven by both invasive plants and animals. However, evidence of publication bias suggests the latter should be interpreted with caution. Invader residence time emerged as a key predictor: Longer residence times intensified the negative effects of invasive plants on native diversity, whereas impacts on soil abiotic properties tended to weaken over time. Our synthesis reveals that some properties, such as native plant diversity, remain persistently sensitive to invasion, whereas others are more variable as invasions persist.
DOI: adq3101
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adq3101