研究人员发现高脂肪饮食增加了丝氨酸662 （S662）上的时钟蛋白PERIOD2 （PER2）的磷酸化，这对于调节日常运动活动的相移以进入季节性光周期是必要和充分的。PER2-S662磷酸化与调节下丘脑多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）转化为氧化脂质的全基因组表达途径相关。在对照小鼠中，膳食PUFAs的部分氢化增加了下丘脑PER2-S662的磷酸化和夏季光期的携带，但在PER2-S662不能磷酸化的小鼠中没有。PER2-S662磷酸化受不饱和脂肪的影响，并改变不饱和脂肪的调节，以控制不同季节的昼夜节律相移。
据了解，生物钟通过整合环境信号来维持生物过程和光/暗周期之间的同步。人们对生物钟如何适应环境中的季节变化还不完全了解。
附：英文原文
Title: Unsaturated fat alters clock phosphorylation to align rhythms to the season in mice
Author: Daniel C. Levine, Rasmus H. Reeh, Thomas McMahon, Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen, Ying-Hui Fu, Louis J. Ptáek
Issue&Volume: 2025-10-23
Abstract: The circadian clock maintains synchrony between biological processes and light/dark cycles by integrating environmental cues. How the clock adapts to seasonal variations in the environment is incompletely understood. We found that a high-fat diet increased phosphorylation of the clock protein PERIOD2 (PER2) on serine 662 (S662), which was necessary and sufficient for regulating phase shifting of daily locomotor activity to entrain to seasonal light cycles. PER2-S662 phosphorylation correlated with genome-wide expression pathways that regulate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) conversion into oxylipins in the hypothalamus. Partial hydrogenation of dietary PUFAs increased hypothalamic PER2-S662 phosphorylation and entrainment to a summer photoperiod in control mice, but not in mice for which PER2-S662 could not be phosphorylated. PER2-S662 phosphorylation is influenced by, and alters the regulation of, unsaturated fat to control circadian phase shifting across the seasons.
DOI: adp3065
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp3065