近日，西班牙巴伦西亚大学和国家研究委员会的Moinul Hossain Rahat及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们对I型双希格斯二重态模型及由弦界定的畴壁产生的引力波进行了研究。相关研究成果已于2024年8月30日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。

据悉，通过中间离散对称性自发破缺U(1)对称性可能会产生一种由宇宙弦界定的混合拓扑畴壁缺陷。这种缺陷网络的衰变会产生一种独特的引力波信号，该信号跨越多个可观测频率量级，可以与其他来源产生的信号区分开来。

该研究团队在I型双希格斯二重态模型的背景下研究了这一机制产生的引力波，该模型通过U(1)_R对称性进行了扩展，同时容纳了跷跷板机制、异常消除，并消除了味变中性流。由弦界壁网络产生的引力波谱可以在未来的干涉仪（包括LISA和爱因斯坦望远镜）中检测到，对于U(1)_R破缺尺度在10¹²至10¹⁵ GeV之间的情况，其在微赫兹至赫兹的频率范围内具有独特的f³斜率和拐点。

附：英文原文

Title: Type-I two-Higgs-doublet model and gravitational waves from domain walls bounded by strings

Author: Fu, Bowen, Ghoshal, Anish, King, Stephen F., Rahat, Moinul Hossain

Issue&Volume: 2024-08-30

Abstract: The spontaneous breaking of a U(1) symmetry via an intermediate discrete symmetry may yield a hybrid topological defect of domain walls bounded by cosmic strings. The decay of this defect network leads to a unique gravitational wave signal spanning many orders in observable frequencies, that can be distinguished from signals generated by other sources. We investigate the production of gravitational waves from this mechanism in the context of the type-I two-Higgs-doublet model extended by a U(1)_R symmetry, that simultaneously accommodates the seesaw mechanism, anomaly cancellation, and eliminates flavour-changing neutral currents. The gravitational wave spectrum produced by the string-bounded-wall network can be detected for U(1)_R breaking scale from 10¹² to 10¹⁵ GeV in forthcoming interferometers including LISA and Einstein Telescope, with a distinctive f³ slope and inflexion in the frequency range between microhertz and hertz.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP08(2024)237

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP08(2024)237