法国居里研究所Jean-Léon Maître等研究人员合作发现，逆向气泡在小鼠胚泡形成过程中作为液压泵运作。这一研究成果于2024年9月11日在线发表在国际学术期刊《自然—细胞生物学》上。

研究人员报告了逆向气泡在粘附接触处向细胞内生长的现象。在整个胚胎中，研究人员观察到数百个逆向气泡，每个气泡都充满了细胞间液体，并在一分钟内收缩。逆向气泡由于液体积累和细胞间粘附导致的压力积聚而生长，这在局部区域限制了液体的流动。逆向气泡由于肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白收缩而收缩，实际上推动了细胞间空间内的液体。

重要的是，逆向气泡在由多个细胞形成的接触点上发生的频率较低，这些接触点有效地充当了液体的汇聚点。胚胎拓扑的操控揭示了没有汇聚点的情况下，逆向气泡会在彼此之间形成徒劳的液体循环。研究人员提出逆向气泡作为液压泵来促进腔体粗化，从而成为细胞用来控制液体运动的工具。

研究人员表示，在植入前发育阶段，小鼠胚胎形成了一个充满液体的腔体。加压的液体破坏了细胞间接触并积累成囊泡，最终粗化成一个单一腔体。胚胎如何在粗化过程中控制细胞间液体的运动尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Inverse blebs operate as hydraulic pumps during mouse blastocyst formation

Author: Schliffka, Markus F., Dumortier, Julien G., Pelzer, Diane, Mukherjee, Arghyadip, Matre, Jean-Lon

Issue&Volume: 2024-09-11

Abstract: During preimplantation development, mouse embryos form a fluid-filled lumen. Pressurized fluid fractures cell–cell contacts and accumulates into pockets, which coarsen into a single lumen. How the embryo controls intercellular fluid movement during coarsening is unknown. Here we report inverse blebs growing into cells at adhesive contacts. Throughout the embryo we observed hundreds of inverse blebs, each filling with intercellular fluid and retracting within a minute. Inverse blebs grow due to pressure build-up resulting from fluid accumulation and cell–cell adhesion, which locally confines fluid. Inverse blebs retract due to actomyosin contraction, practically pushing fluid within the intercellular space. Importantly, inverse blebs occur infrequently at contacts formed by multiple cells, which effectively serve as fluid sinks. Manipulation of the embryo topology reveals that without sinks inverse blebs pump fluid into one another in futile cycles. We propose that inverse blebs operate as hydraulic pumps to promote luminal coarsening, thereby constituting an instrument used by cells to control fluid movement.

DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01501-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41556-024-01501-z