研究人员结合纳米脂质组学和成像技术，研究了细菌对多种藻类脂质滴的降解，发现从海洋颗粒中分离的细菌表现出不同的饮食偏好，范围从选择性降解者到广泛降解者。饮食偏好与一组独特的脂质降解基因相关，而非与分类来源相关。
利用由具有不同饮食偏好的分离菌株组成的合成群落，研究人员展示了微生物相互作用对脂质降解的调节作用。结合这些动态的颗粒输出模型表明，代谢特化和群落动态可能影响海洋中层带的脂质运输效率。
据了解，脂质构成了海洋中下沉有机物的重要部分，并在碳循环中发挥关键作用。尽管如此，人们对控制脂质降解的过程仍知之甚少。
附：英文原文
Title: Microbial dietary preference and interactions affect the export of lipids to the deep ocean
Author: Lars Behrendt, Uria Alcolombri, Jonathan E. Hunter, Steven Smriga, Tracy Mincer, Daniel P. Lowenstein, Yutaka Yawata, Franois J. Peaudecerf, Vicente I. Fernandez, Helen F. Fredricks, Henrik Almblad, Joe J. Harrison, Roman Stocker, Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy
Issue&Volume: 2024-09-13
Abstract: Lipids comprise a significant fraction of sinking organic matter in the ocean and play a crucial role in the carbon cycle. Despite this, our understanding of the processes that control lipid degradation is limited. We combined nanolipidomics and imaging to study the bacterial degradation of diverse algal lipid droplets and found that bacteria isolated from marine particles exhibited distinct dietary preferences, ranging from selective to promiscuous degraders. Dietary preference was associated with a distinct set of lipid degradation genes rather than with taxonomic origin. Using synthetic communities composed of isolates with distinct dietary preferences, we showed that lipid degradation is modulated by microbial interactions. A particle export model incorporating these dynamics indicates that metabolic specialization and community dynamics may influence lipid transport efficiency in the ocean’s mesopelagic zone.
DOI: aab2661
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aab2661