南方医科大学洪睦铿等研究人员合作发现，饮食时间引发的肠道微生物群昼夜振荡调节类风湿性关节炎的炎症节律。这一研究成果于2024年9月10日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞—代谢》上。

研究人员探讨了饮食模式、肠道微生物群昼夜振荡与类风湿性关节炎（RA）节律之间的相互作用，研究对象包括胶原诱导性关节炎（CIA）小鼠和RA患者，强调饮食时间在调节与肠道微生物群相关的RA炎症节律中的重要性。

具体而言，研究人员发现双歧杆菌Parabacteroides distasonis（P. distasonis）利用β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-GC）在日常营养信号的刺激下从饮食中释放大豆苷元（GLY），从而通过依赖于SIRT5-NF-κB轴的途径影响RA炎症节律。

值得注意的是，研究人员通过在昼夜周期中连续采样验证了RA患者中P. distasonis-β-GC-GLY的每日波动。这些发现凸显了饮食时间在RA节律性中的关键作用，并为缓解关节炎的潜在治疗策略提供了临床启示。

据悉，RA是一种以炎症活动为特征的慢性自身免疫性疾病，具有明显的节律性波动。然而，调控这些炎症节律的精确机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Dietary-timing-induced gut microbiota diurnal oscillations modulate inflammatory rhythms in rheumatoid arthritis

Author: Fopei Ma, Zhuang Li, Haihua Liu, Shixian Chen, Songyuan Zheng, Junqing Zhu, Hao Shi, Haixin Ye, Zhantu Qiu, Lei Gao, Bingqi Han, Qian Yang, Xing Wang, Yang Zhang, Lifang Cheng, Huijie Fan, Shuaijun Lv, Xiaoshan Zhao, Hongwei Zhou, Juan Li, Mukeng Hong

Issue&Volume: 2024-09-10

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by inflammatory activity with distinct rhythmic fluctuations. However, the precise mechanisms governing these inflammatory rhythms remain elusive. Here, we explore the interaction between dietary patterns, gut microbiota diurnal oscillations, and the rhythmicity of RA in both collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice and patients with RA and highlight the significance of dietary timing in modulating RA inflammatory rhythms linked to gut microbiota. Specifically, we discovered that Parabacteroides distasonis (P. distasonis) uses β-glucosidase (β-GC) to release glycitein (GLY) from the diet in response to daily nutritional cues, influencing RA inflammatory rhythms dependent on the sirtuin 5-nuclear factor-κB (SIRT5-NF-κB) axis. Notably, we validated the daily fluctuations of P. distasonis-β-GC-GLY in patients with RA through continuous sampling across day-night cycles. These findings underscore the crucial role of dietary timing in RA rhythmicity and propose potential clinical implications for novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate arthritis.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.08.007

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(24)00334-6