浙江省农业科学院龚亚明等研究人员合作发现，豌豆参考基因组序列和群体基因组分析揭示孟德尔性状及其他农艺性状的遗传基础。该研究于2024年8月5日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—遗传学》。

研究人员在染色体水平上组装了优质蔬菜豌豆品种“浙豌1号”的基因组，并分析了来自314个品系的重测序数据，创建了豌豆遗传变异的综合图谱。通过全基因组关联研究，研究人员识别出了235个与57个重要农艺性状相关的候选位点。值得注意的是，研究人员确定了四个孟德尔性状的致因基因等位型：茎长（Le/le）、花色（A/a）、子叶颜色（I/i）和种子形状（R/r）。

此外，研究人员还发现了控制豆荚形态（孟德尔性状P/p）和种子胎座颜色的基因。研究人员还构建了跨22种组织的基因表达图谱，突出了与豆荚和种子发育相关的关键基因模块。这些发现提供了宝贵的豌豆基因组信息，并将有助于未来基因组信息驱动的豌豆作物改良。

据了解，豌豆对人类营养至关重要，并在孟德尔遗传定律的发现中发挥了关键作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Reference genome sequence and population genomic analysis of peas provide insights into the genetic basis of Mendelian and other agronomic traits

Author: Liu, Na, Lyu, Xiaolong, Zhang, Xueying, Zhang, Guwen, Zhang, Ziqian, Guan, Xueying, Chen, Xiaoyang, Yang, Xiaoming, Feng, Zhijuan, Gao, Qiang, Shi, Wanghong, Deng, Yayuan, Sheng, Kuang, Ou, Jinwen, Zhu, Yumeng, Wang, Bin, Bu, Yuanpeng, Zhang, Mingfang, Zhang, Liangsheng, Zhao, Ting, Gong, Yaming

Issue&Volume: 2024-08-05

Abstract: Peas are essential for human nutrition and played a crucial role in the discovery of Mendelian laws of inheritance. In this study, we assembled the genome of the elite vegetable pea cultivar ‘Zhewan No.1’ at the chromosome level and analyzed resequencing data from 314 accessions, creating a comprehensive map of genetic variation in peas. We identified 235 candidate loci associated with 57 important agronomic traits through genome-wide association studies. Notably, we pinpointed the causal gene haplotypes responsible for four Mendelian traits: stem length (Le/le), flower color (A/a), cotyledon color (I/i) and seed shape (R/r). Additionally, we discovered the genes controlling pod form (Mendelian P/p) and hilum color. Our study also involved constructing a gene expression atlas across 22 tissues, highlighting key gene modules related to pod and seed development. These findings provide valuable pea genomic information and will facilitate the future genome-informed improvement of pea crops.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01867-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-024-01867-8