以色列魏茨曼科学研究所Ziv Shulman团队发现，鼻甲归巢的IgA分泌细胞起源于鼻部淋巴组织。这一研究成果于2024年7月31日在线发表在国际学术期刊《自然》上。

研究人员将鼻腺泡腺结构和鼻甲定义为能从鼻相关淋巴组织（NALT）招募IgA分泌浆细胞的免疫微环境。通过完整的器官成像，研究人员证明鼻腔疫苗接种诱导了NALT亚上皮穹顶中B细胞的扩增，随后侵入共生细菌驱动的慢性生发中心，这是一种T细胞依赖性的过程。NALT中生发中心反应的启动需要抗原特异性T细胞的预扩增，这些T细胞与互生区的同源B细胞相互作用。

通过NALT消融和PSGL-1的阻断（PSGL-1介导与内皮细胞选择素的相互作用），研究人员证明NALT来源的IgA表达B细胞通过循环回到鼻甲区域，主要位于腺泡结构周围。CCL28的表达在鼻甲中对疫苗接种作出反应时增加，促进了IgA⁺ B细胞的定位。因此，作为对鼻腔疫苗接种的反应，腺泡和鼻甲提供了容纳NALT来源的IgA分泌细胞的免疫微环境。这些细胞事件可以在疫苗设计或治疗上呼吸道过敏反应中进行调控。

据了解，鼻腔疫苗接种引发了体液免疫反应，提供了对空气传播病原体的保护，但上呼吸道中特异性抗原IgA分泌细胞的起源和特定免疫微环境尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Turbinate-homing IgA-secreting cells originate in the nasal lymphoid tissues

Author: Liu, Jingjing, Stoler-Barak, Liat, Hezroni-Bravyi, Hadas, Biram, Adi, Lebon, Sacha, Davidzohn, Natalia, Kedmi, Merav, Chemla, Muriel, Pilzer, David, Cohen, Marina, Brenner, Ori, Biton, Moshe, Shulman, Ziv

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-31

Abstract: Nasal vaccination elicits a humoral immune response that provides protection from airborne pathogens1, yet the origins and specific immune niches of antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the upper airways are unclear2. Here we define nasal glandular acinar structures and the turbinates as immunological niches that recruit IgA-secreting plasma cells from the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs)3. Using intact organ imaging, we demonstrate that nasal vaccination induces B cell expansion in the subepithelial dome of the NALT, followed by invasion into commensal-bacteria-driven chronic germinal centres in a T cell-dependent manner. Initiation of the germinal centre response in the NALT requires pre-expansion of antigen-specific T cells, which interact with cognate B cells in interfollicular regions. NALT ablation and blockade of PSGL-1, which mediates interactions with endothelial cell selectins, demonstrated that NALT-derived IgA-expressing B cells home to the turbinate region through the circulation, where they are positioned primarily around glandular acinar structures. CCL28 expression was increased in the turbinates in response to vaccination and promoted homing of IgA+ B cells to this site. Thus, in response to nasal vaccination, the glandular acini and turbinates provide immunological niches that host NALT-derived IgA-secreting cells. These cellular events could be manipulated in vaccine design or in the treatment of upper airway allergic responses.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07729-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07729-x