近日，复旦大学邰一琳等研究人员合作总结吊灯样细胞到轴突初段连接在塑造功能性皮层网络中的作用。该论文于2024年7月30日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《神经科学通报》。

研究人员表示，轴突初段（AIS）是神经元中最具兴奋性的亚细胞区域，负责动作电位的启动。皮层投射神经元（PN）的AIS主要接收来自吊灯样细胞（ChC）的GABA能突触输入，这些细胞被认为调节动作电位的生成并调节神经元的兴奋性。

由于个体ChC通常支配数百个PN，它们可能会改变PN群体的活动，甚至影响整个神经网络。在出生后的发育过程中或在响应网络活动变化时，AIS和轴突-轴突突触经历动态的结构和功能变化，这些变化是皮层微回路的布线、精细化和适应的基础。

研究人员简要介绍了ChC的历史，并回顾了利用现代遗传学和分子工具的最新研究进展。研究人员特别关注了AIS和ChC-PN连接的可塑性，无论是在生理还是病理条件下，这都在塑造动态网络中发挥着关键作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Specific and Plastic: Chandelier Cell-to-Axon Initial Segment Connections in Shaping Functional Cortical Network

Author: Qi, Yanqing, Zhao, Rui, Tian, Jifeng, Lu, Jiangteng, He, Miao, Tai, Yilin

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-30

Abstract: Axon initial segment (AIS) is the most excitable subcellular domain of a neuron for action potential initiation. AISs of cortical projection neurons (PNs) receive GABAergic synaptic inputs primarily from chandelier cells (ChCs), which are believed to regulate action potential generation and modulate neuronal excitability. As individual ChCs often innervate hundreds of PNs, they may alter the activity of PN ensembles and even impact the entire neural network. During postnatal development or in response to changes in network activity, the AISs and axo-axonic synapses undergo dynamic structural and functional changes that underlie the wiring, refinement, and adaptation of cortical microcircuits. Here we briefly introduce the history of ChCs and review recent research advances employing modern genetic and molecular tools. Special attention will be attributed to the plasticity of the AIS and the ChC-PN connections, which play a pivotal role in shaping the dynamic network under both physiological and pathological conditions.

DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01266-3

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12264-024-01266-3