北京大学人民医院栗占国、胡凡磊和中国科学院心理研究所王晶课题组，合作研发了治疗自身免疫性关节炎的瓜氨酸化抗原疫苗。相关论文发表在2024年8月6日出版的《科学通报》杂志上。

研究人员发现瓜氨酸化抗原（citAg）疫苗能改善胶原诱导的关节炎（CIA），减少辅助性T细胞 1（Th1）和Th17细胞，下调促炎细胞因子的表达，例如interlukin-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α），并抑制抗原反应。B细胞受体（BCR）测序进一步表明，citAg疫苗能抑制失调的V(D)J重组，恢复免疫复合物。

综上所述，该研究结果表明citAg疫苗可能对RA有治疗作用。

据了解，类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种由抗原肽引起的炎症性自身免疫疾病，与环境和遗传有关。研究表明，靶向特异性抗原可恢复对自身抗原的免疫耐受，而不损害正常的免疫功能，是治疗类风湿性关节炎的一种潜在策略。抗原的瓜氨酸化会增强抗原特性并诱导自身免疫反应。

附：英文原文

Title: A citrullinated antigenic vaccine in treatment of autoimmune arthritis

Author: Jing Wang c d, Fanlei Hu a g h, Zhanguo Li a b h

Issue&Volume: 2024/08/06

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease triggered by antigenic peptides with environmental and genetic risk factors. It has been shown that antigen-specific targeting could be a promising therapeutical strategy for RA by restoring immune tolerance to self-antigens without compromising normal immunity. Citrullination of antigens enhances antigenic properties and induces autoimmune responses. Here, we showed that citrullinated antigenic (citAg) vaccine ameliorated collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) with decreased T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, downregulated proinflammatory cytokines including interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibited antigen recall responses. B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing further revealed that citAg vaccine could dampen the dysregulated V(D)J recombination, restoring the immune repertoire. Taken together, the results demonstrated that citAg vaccine might have a therapeutic effect on RA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.042

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095927324005619