近日，西班牙马德里自治大学理论物理研究所&西班牙高等科学研究理事会的Juan F. Pedraza及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们对激波、黑洞内部和全息重整化群流进行研究。相关研究成果已于2024年7月5日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。
该研究团队研究了d≥2维激波扰动下全息重整化群(RG)流。这些流动是通过用一个相关算子对全息共形场理论进行变形，将AdS-Schwarzschild的内部几何形状改变为，类空间奇点附近更一般的卡斯纳宇宙来获得的。研究人员以激波的形式引入零物质到这个几何结构中，并仔细研究它对近视界和黑洞内部动力学的影响。
利用非时序相关器，研究人员发现扩散时间随着变形强度的增加而增加，而蝴蝶速度表现出非单调的行为。他们研究了对黑洞内部更敏感的其他可观测值，如热a函数和纠缠速度。值得注意的是，a函数在激波中经历了一个不连续的跳跃，这表明由于落入的物质而瞬间失去了自由度。这种跳跃被解释为“宇宙时间跳跃”，它是由无限增强的长度收缩引起的。
当研究人员改变变形强度时，纠缠速度表现出与蝴蝶速度相似的依赖性。最后，研究人员将这一分析扩展到一个模型，其中内部几何结构经历了无限循环的卡斯纳弹跳阶段。
附：英文原文
Title: Shock waves, black hole interiors and holographic RG flows
Author: Cceres, Elena, Patra, Ayan K., Pedraza, Juan F.
Issue&Volume: 2024-07-05
Abstract: We study holographic renormalization group (RG) flows perturbed by a shock wave in dimensions d ≥ 2. The flows are obtained by deforming a holographic conformal field theory with a relevant operator, altering the interior geometry from AdS-Schwarzschild to a more general Kasner universe near the spacelike singularity. We introduce null matter in the form of a shock wave into this geometry and scrutinize its impact on the near-horizon and interior dynamics of the black hole. Using out-of-time-order correlators, we find that the scrambling time increases as we increase the strength of the deformation, whereas the butterfly velocity displays a non-monotonic behavior. We examine other observables that are more sensitive to the black hole interior, such as the thermal a-function and the entanglement velocity. Notably, the a-function experiences a discontinuous jump across the shock wave, signaling an instantaneous loss of degrees of freedom due to the infalling matter. This jump is interpreted as a ‘cosmological time skip’ which arises from an infinitely boosted length contraction. The entanglement velocity exhibits similar dependence to the butterfly velocity as we vary the strength of the deformation. Lastly, we extend our analyses to a model where the interior geometry undergoes an infinite sequence of bouncing Kasner epochs.
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP07(2024)052
Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)052