近日，中山大学(珠海校区)的黄发朋及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们通过宇宙一级相变对度规Q球暗物质进行研究。相关研究成果已于2024年7月5日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。

作为一种新型的动态暗物质机制，该研究团队通过宇宙学一阶相变讨论了度规Q球暗物质的稳定性及其产生机制。这项工作深入研究了在宇宙相变过程中产生的度规Q球暗物质。研究人员详细讨论了度规Q球的稳定性，以严格限制它们的电荷和质量范围。此外，通过采用解析近似和映射方法，研究人员对度规Q球提供了定性描述。

他们确立了规范耦合常数的上限，并给出了在一阶相变过程中形成的稳定度规Q球暗物质的残余密度。此外，他们还讨论了度规Q球暗物质的潜在观测特征或约束，包括天文观测和引力波信号。

附：英文原文

Title: Gauged Q-ball dark matter through a cosmological first-order phase transition

Author: Jiang, Siyu, Huang, Fa Peng, Ko, Pyungwon

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-05

Abstract: As a new type of dynamical dark matter mechanism, we discuss the stability of the gauged Q-ball dark matter and its production mechanism through a cosmological first-order phase transition. This work delves into the study of gauged Q-ball dark matter generated during the cosmic phase transition. We demonstrate detailed discussions on the stability of gauged Q-balls to rigorously constrain their charge and mass ranges. Additionally, employing analytic approximations and the mapping method, we provide qualitative insights into gauged Q-balls. We establish an upper limit on the gauge coupling constant and give the relic density of stable gauged Q-ball dark matter formed during a first-order phase transition. Furthermore, we discuss potential observational signatures or constraints of gauged Q-ball dark matter, including astronomical observations and gravitational wave signals.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP07(2024)053

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)053