德国柏林自由大学Daniela A. Koppold等研究人员合作发布关于禁食术语的国际共识。该研究于2024年7月25日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞—代谢》。

通过德尔菲方法，一个由国际多学科研究人员和临床医生组成的小组对人类各种禁食方法的定义进行了标准化。38名专家参与了五次在线调查和一次在线直播会议，其中25名专家完成了所有五次调查。以下术语达成了共识：“禁食”（自愿不摄入部分或全部食物或食物和饮料）、“改良禁食”（将能量摄入限制在最大需求量的25%）、“仅限液体禁食”、“隔日禁食”、“短期禁食”（持续2-3天）、“长期禁食”（连续≥4天）和“宗教禁食”。

讨论最多的术语是“间歇性禁食”（重复禁食周期持续≤48小时）、“限时饮食”和“模拟禁食饮食”。该研究提供了关于禁食术语的专家建议，以便未来的研究和临床应用，促进该领域的沟通和交叉引用。

据悉，尽管禁食越来越多地应用于疾病预防和治疗，但术语上的共识尚未达成。

附：英文原文

Title: International consensus on fasting terminology

Author: Daniela A. Koppold, Carolin Breinlinger, Etienne Hanslian, Christian Kessler, Holger Cramer, Anika Rajput Khokhar, Courtney M. Peterson, Grant Tinsley, Claudio Vernieri, Richard J. Bloomer, Michael Boschmann, Nicola L. Bragazzi, Sebastian Brandhorst, Kelsey Gabel, Alan C. Goldhamer, Martin M. Grajower, Michelle Harvie, Leonie Heilbronn, Benjamin D. Horne, Spyridon N. Karras, Jost Langhorst, Eva Lischka, Frank Madeo, Sarah J. Mitchell, Ioannis-Eleemon Papagiannopoulos-Vatopaidinos, Maria Papagiannopoulou, Hanno Pijl, Eric Ravussin, Martha Ritzmann-Widderich, Krista Varady, Lilian Adamidou, Melika Chihaoui, Rafael de Cabo, Mohamed Hassanein, Nader Lessan, Valter Longo, Emily N.C. Manoogian, Mark P. Mattson, J. Brent Muhlestein, Satchidananda Panda, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Nikolaos E. Rodopaios, Rainer Stange, Andreas Michalsen

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-25

Abstract: Although fasting is increasingly applied for disease prevention and treatment, consensus on terminology is lacking. Using Delphi methodology, an international, multidisciplinary panel of researchers and clinicians standardized definitions of various fasting approaches in humans. Five online surveys and a live online conference were conducted with 38 experts, 25 of whom completed all 5 surveys. Consensus was achieved for the following terms: “fasting” (voluntary abstinence from some or all foods or foods and beverages), “modified fasting” (restriction of energy intake to max. 25% of energy needs), “fluid-only fasting,” “alternate-day fasting,” “short-term fasting” (lasting 2–3 days), “prolonged fasting” (≥4 consecutive days), and “religious fasting.” “Intermittent fasting” (repetitive fasting periods lasting ≤48 h), “time-restricted eating,” and “fasting-mimicking diet” were discussed most. This study provides expert recommendations on fasting terminology for future research and clinical applications, facilitating communication and cross-referencing in the field.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.06.013

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(24)00269-9