近日，成都理工大学赵宇鴳及其团队报道了月球表面紫外线照射和机械粉碎形成氧氯物质的实验限制。这一研究成果发表在2024年6月3日出版的国际学术期刊《地球化学学报》上。

研究人员通过实验探究了氯化物氧化成氯酸盐和高氯酸盐的潜在氧化机理，如在无水和无氧条件下的紫外线照射以及机械粉碎过程。研究对单个矿物，橄榄石，辉石，钛铁矿，磁铁矿，TiO₂和无水硫酸铁，和月壤模拟物(低Ti，CLRS-1；高钛，CLRS-2)及其对应的精炼铁(Fe⁰)轴承进行了检测。结果发现，即使在有氧气存在的情况下，不涉及水的干燥基质材料—石盐混合物的粉碎也不一定会导致高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的形成。

而在光催化和无水和氧气条件下，橄榄石和辉石可以产生氧氯胺(ClO_x^-)，尽管产量比在火星相关条件下的产量低了几个数量级。月壤中的纳米相Fe⁰颗粒和常见的光催化剂TiO₂可以促进ClO_x^-形成，但产量低于橄榄石。钛铁矿和磁铁矿的氧化物不能有效的促进ClO_x^-生产。研究结果突出了水在氯氧化成氯酸盐和高氯酸盐过程中的关键作用，并为不同天体上氧氯物质形成的环境影响提供了重要的见解。

据了解，高氯酸盐和氯酸盐存在于整个太阳系的各种地外天体中，如火星、月球和小行星。迄今为止，高氯酸盐和氯酸盐在火星表面的起源机制已经得到充分证实。然而，相对来说，没有空气的物体很少有人关注。

附：英文原文

Title: Experimental constraints on the formation of oxychlorine species by UV irradiation and mechanical pulverization on the lunar surface

Author: Li, Jiamei, Zhao, Yu-Yan Sara, Cui, He, Qu, Shuai-Yi, Peng, Yanhua, Yang, Yuhong, Li, Xiongyao

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-03

Abstract: Perchlorate and chlorate are present in various extraterrestrial celestial bodies throughout the solar system, such as Mars, the moon, and asteroids. To date, the origin mechanisms of perchlorate and chlorate on the Martian surface have been well-established; however, relatively little attention has been cast to airless bodies. Here, we experimentally investigated the potential oxidation mechanisms of chloride to chlorate and perchlorate, such as ultraviolet irradiation under H₂O- and O₂-free conditions and mechanical pulverization processes. Individual minerals, olivine, pyroxene, ilmenite, magnetite, TiO₂ and anhydrous ferric sulfate, and lunar regolith simulants (low Ti, CLRS-1; high-Ti, CLRS-2) and their metallic iron (Fe⁰) bearing counterparts were examined. We found that pulverization of dry matrix material-halite mixtures, even in the presence of O₂, does not necessarily lead to perchlorate and chlorate formation without involving water. Under photocatalytic and H₂O- and O₂-free conditions, olivine and pyroxene can produce oxychlorine (ClO_x^-) species, although the yields were orders of magnitude lower than those under Martian-relevant conditions. Nanophase-Fe⁰ particles in the lunar regolith and the common photocatalyst TiO₂ can facilitate the ClO_x^- formation, but their yields were lower than those with olivine. The oxides ilmenite and magnetite did not efficiently contribute to ClO_x^- production. Our results highlight the critical role of H₂O in the oxidation chloride to chlorate and perchlorate, and provide essential insights into the environmental influence on the formation of oxychlorine species on different celestial bodies.

DOI: 10.1007/s11631-024-00707-0

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11631-024-00707-0