美国麻省理工学院和哈佛大学Galit Alter，美国孟菲斯圣犹达儿童研究医院Asuncion Mejias和Octavio Ramilo共同合作，近期取得重要工作进展。相关研究成果2024年6月13日在线发表于《免疫》杂志上。

据介绍，呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是婴儿下呼吸道感染（LRTI）和住院的最常见原因之一。然而，婴儿免疫控制的机制仍不完全清楚。

在患有轻度（门诊）或重度（住院）呼吸道合胞病毒疾病的2岁以下儿童中，针对附着（G）和融合（F）蛋白的抗体谱显示，呼吸道合胞特异性免疫存在显著的年龄依赖性差异。母体抗体在生命的前3个月是可检测的，随后在3个月至6个月之间有很长的免疫脆弱期，6个月大后FcγR-募集免疫迅速演变。与健康对照组相比，急性住院儿童表现出较低的G-特异性抗体。随着疾病的恢复，RSV感染的婴儿产生了广泛的功能性RSV菌株特异性G反应，并演化出交叉反应性F反应，母体印记最小。

总之，这些数据表明，RSV G特异性功能体液保护与年龄无关，RSV F特异性功能免疫随着疾病的缓解而演变。

附：英文原文

Title: Longitudinal humoral analysis in RSV-infected infants identifies pre-existing RSV strain-specific G and evolving cross-reactive F antibodies

Author: Nadège Nziza, Wonyeong Jung, Maanasa Mendu, Tina Chen, Boris Julg, Barney Graham, Octavio Ramilo, Asuncion Mejias, Galit Alter

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-13

Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is among the most common causes of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and hospitalization in infants. However, the mechanisms of immune control in infants remain incompletely understood. Antibody profiling against attachment (G) and fusion (F) proteins in children less than 2 years of age, with mild (outpatients) or severe (inpatients) RSV disease, indicated substantial age-dependent differences in RSV-specific immunity. Maternal antibodies were detectable for the first 3 months of life, followed by a long window of immune vulnerability between 3 and 6 months and a rapid evolution of FcγR-recruiting immunity after 6 months of age. Acutely ill hospitalized children exhibited lower G-specific antibodies compared with healthy controls. With disease resolution, RSV-infected infants generated broad functional RSV strain-specific G-responses and evolved cross-reactive F-responses, with minimal maternal imprinting. These data suggest an age-independent RSV G-specific functional humoral correlate of protection, and the evolution of RSV F-specific functional immunity with disease resolution.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.019

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(24)00272-3