南开大学张嫣研究小组在研究中取得进展。他们发现了拟南芥中YKT61的S-酰化调节了其非经典参与SNARE复合物的形成。相关论文于2024年4月19日发表在《遗传学报》杂志上。

该研究团队在这里报道YKT61是S-酰化的。通过C195S突变消除其S-酰化，使YKT61从膜结构中分离出来，并使其功能丧失。虽然与多种SNARE蛋白相互作用，但YKT61不是作为典型的R-SNARE发挥作用，而是与其他R-SNARE协同参与SNARE复合物的形成。YKT6的门类特异性分子调控可能进化为，允许在不同的真核细胞中更有效的SNARE组装。

据介绍，异四聚体可溶性N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体(SNAREs)复合物，是真核细胞内膜系统中囊泡靶膜的重要组成部分。SNARE组装涉及不同的SNARE基序，Qa, Qb, Qc和R，由三个或四个SNARE蛋白提供。YKT6是一种不典型的R-SNARE，缺乏跨膜结构域，参与多个囊泡靶膜融合。虽然YKT6在进化上是保守的和必需的，但它在不同门中的功能和调控似乎不同。

拟南芥YKT61是酵母和后生动物YKT6同源基因，对配子体发育至关重要，在孢子体细胞中起关键作用，并介导多个囊泡靶膜融合。然而，其分子调控机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: S-acylation of YKT61 modulates its unconventional participation in the formation of SNARE complexes in Arabidopsis

Author: Sha Li a, Yan Zhang b

Issue&Volume: 2024/04/19

Abstract: Hetero-tetrameric soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) complexes are critical for vesicle-target membrane fusion within the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells. SNARE assembly involves four different SNARE motifs, Qa, Qb, Qc, and R, provided by three or four SNARE proteins. YKT6 is an atypical R-SNARE that lacks a transmembrane domain and is involved in multiple vesicle-target membrane fusions. Although YKT6 is evolutionarily conserved and essential, its function and regulation in different phyla seem distinct. Arabidopsis YKT61, the yeast and metazoan YKT6 homolog, is essential for gametophytic development, plays a critical role in sporophytic cells, and mediates multiple vesicle-target membrane fusion. However, its molecular regulation is unclear. We report here that YKT61 is S-acylated. Abolishing its S-acylation by a C195S mutation dissociates YKT61 from endomembrane structures and causes its functional loss. Although interacting with various SNARE proteins, YKT61 functions not as a canonical R-SNARE but coordinates with other R-SNAREs to participates in the formation of SNARE complexes. Phylum-specific molecular regulation of YKT6 may be evolved to allow more efficient SNARE-assembly in different eukaryotic cells.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.04.007

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852724000778