研究人员报告了对孟加拉国腹泻病患者进行的一项为期一年的全国性研究。在霍乱患者中，研究人员使用元基因组学和定量聚合酶链式反应对霍乱弧菌（猎物）及其毒性噬菌体（捕食者）进行了定量分析，同时使用定量质谱法对抗生素暴露进行了计算。毒力噬菌体（ICP1）和抗生素在不同程度上抑制了霍乱弧菌，并根据抗药性机制与严重脱水成反比。
在没有抗噬菌体防御的情况下，捕食是“有效的”，捕食者与猎物的比例很高，这与猎物遗传多样性的增加有关。在有抗噬菌体防御的情况下，捕食是“无效”的，捕食者与猎物的比例较低，这与捕食者遗传多样性的增加有关。因此，在部署基于噬菌体的疗法和诊断时，应考虑患者体内噬菌体与细菌的共同演化。
据介绍，尽管人们对噬菌体-细菌相互作用的分子机制有了越来越详细的了解，但人们对这些相互作用如何演变并影响患者的疾病还缺乏了解。
附：英文原文
Title: Phage predation, disease severity, and pathogen genetic diversity in cholera patients
Author: Nama Madi, Emilee T. Cato, Md. Abu Sayeed, Ashton Creasy-Marrazzo, Aline Cuénod, Kamrul Islam, Md. Imam Ul Khabir, Md. Taufiqur R. Bhuiyan, Yasmin A. Begum, Emma Freeman, Anirudh Vustepalli, Lindsey Brinkley, Manasi Kamat, Laura S. Bailey, Kari B. Basso, Firdausi Qadri, Ashraful I. Khan, B. Jesse Shapiro, Eric J. Nelson
Issue&Volume: 2024-04-19
Abstract: Despite an increasingly detailed picture of the molecular mechanisms of bacteriophage (phage)–bacterial interactions, we lack an understanding of how these interactions evolve and impact disease within patients. In this work, we report a year-long, nationwide study of diarrheal disease patients in Bangladesh. Among cholera patients, we quantified Vibrio cholerae (prey) and its virulent phages (predators) using metagenomics and quantitative polymerase chain reaction while accounting for antibiotic exposure using quantitative mass spectrometry. Virulent phage (ICP1) and antibiotics suppressed V. cholerae to varying degrees and were inversely associated with severe dehydration depending on resistance mechanisms. In the absence of antiphage defenses, predation was “effective,” with a high predator:prey ratio that correlated with increased genetic diversity among the prey. In the presence of antiphage defenses, predation was “ineffective,” with a lower predator:prey ratio that correlated with increased genetic diversity among the predators. Phage-bacteria coevolution within patients should therefore be considered in the deployment of phage-based therapies and diagnostics.
DOI: adj3166
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adj3166