吉林大学孙俊奇团队报道了碳纤维/热固性复合材料升级再造为高性能弹性体和再利用碳纤维。相关研究成果于2024年3月15日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《德国应用化学》。

基于热固性塑料的碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料的回收是困难的。

该文中，通过芳香族频哪醇交联聚氨酯（PU-AP）热固性树脂与碳纤维布的络合制备了高性能CFRCs 。PU-AP热固性材料的断裂强度为95.5MPa，韧性为473.6MJ m^-3，并且含有丰富的氢键基团，可以与CF具有很强的粘附性。由于CF布与PU-AP热固性材料之间的高界面粘附性和PU-AP热敏材料的高韧性，CF/PU-AP复合材料具有>870MPa的高拉伸强度。

在100°C的N，N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAc）中加热后，CF/PU-AP复合材料中的芳香频哪醇可以裂解，产生无损的CF布和线性聚合物，这些聚合物可以转化为高性能弹性体。弹性体具有机械坚固、可愈合、可再加工和抗损伤性，具有74.2MPa的极高抗拉强度和149.6kJ m^-2的断裂韧性。因此，CF/PU-AP复合材料的解离使可重复使用的CF布和高性能弹性体得以回收，从而实现了CF/PU-APP复合材料的升值循环。

附：英文原文

Title: Upcycling of Carbon Fiber/Thermoset Composites into High-Performance Elastomers and Repurposed Carbon Fibers

Author: Tiantian Yang, Xingyuan Lu, Xiaohan Wang, Xiang Wei, Ni An, Yixuan Li, Wenjie Wang, Xiang Li, Xu Fang, Junqi Sun

Issue&Volume: 2024-03-15

Abstract: Recycling of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRCs) based on thermosetting plastics is difficult. In the present study, high-performance CFRCs are fabricated through complexation of aromatic pinacol-cross-linked polyurethane (PU-AP) thermosets with carbon fiber (CF) cloths. PU-AP thermosets exhibit a breaking strength of 95.5 MPa and toughness of 473.6 MJ m-3 and contain abundant hydrogen-bonding groups, which can have strong adhesion with CFs. Because of the high interfacial adhesion between CF cloths and PU-AP thermosets and high toughness of PU-AP thermosets, CF/PU-AP composites possess a high tensile strength of >870 MPa. Upon heating in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at 100 °C, the aromatic pinacols in the CF/PU-AP composites can be cleaved, generating non-destructive CF cloths and linear polymers that can be converted to high-performance elastomers. The elastomers are mechanically robust, healable, reprocessable, and damage-resistant with an extremely high tensile strength of 74.2 MPa and fracture energy of 149.6 kJ m-2. As a result, dissociation of CF/PU-AP composites enables the recovery of reusable CF cloths and high-performance elastomers, thus realizing the upcycling of CF/PU-AP composites.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403972

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202403972