韩国首尔大学Myunghwan Choi团队发现，胶质样味觉细胞介导外周甜味适应的细胞间模式。这一研究成果于2024年11月18日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员报告了胶质样I型细胞通过与化学感觉II型细胞的细胞间互作，提供了一种独特的甜味适应模式。通过基于微流控的活体舌头成像系统，研究人员发现甜味适应通过II型细胞到味觉传入神经的突触转导得到促进，同时I型细胞则表现出时间上延迟且持续的活动。

研究人员确认I型细胞通过P2RY2受体从邻近的II型细胞接收嘌呤能输入，并对甜味的突触转导提供抑制性反馈。与研究人员在细胞层面的发现一致，I型细胞的嘌呤能激活减少了甜味舔舐行为，而P2RY2基因敲除的小鼠则表现出减缓的适应行为。该研究揭示了甜味适应的一种隐蔽的细胞间模式，这可能有助于长期甜味的高效编码。

研究人员表示，味觉通常对长期的甜味刺激表现出敏感性减弱，这种现象被称为甜味适应。然而，其机制仍然未完全明确。

附：英文原文

Title: Glia-like taste cells mediate an intercellular mode of peripheral sweet adaptation

Author: Gha Yeon Park, Geehyun Lee, Jongmin Yoon, Jisoo Han, Pyonggang Choi, Minjae Kim, Sungho Lee, Chaeri Park, Zhaofa Wu, Yulong Li, Myunghwan Choi

Issue&Volume: 2024-11-18

Abstract: The sense of taste generally shows diminishing sensitivity to prolonged sweet stimuli, referred to as sweet adaptation. Yet, its mechanistic landscape remains incomplete. Here, we report that glia-like type I cells provide a distinct mode of sweet adaptation via intercellular crosstalk with chemosensory type II cells. Using the microfluidic-based intravital tongue imaging system, we found that sweet adaptation is facilitated along the synaptic transduction from type II cells to gustatory afferent nerves, while type I cells display temporally delayed and prolonged activities. We identified that type I cells receive purinergic input from adjacent type II cells via P2RY2 and provide inhibitory feedback to the synaptic transduction of sweet taste. Aligning with our cellular-level findings, purinergic activation of type I cells attenuated sweet licking behavior, and P2RY2 knockout mice showed decelerated adaptation behavior. Our study highlights a veiled intercellular mode of sweet adaptation, potentially contributing to the efficient encoding of prolonged sweetness.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.041

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)01258-3