近日，美国石溪大学的Dominik Schneble及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们揭示原子物质波介导的量子发射体超辐射和次辐射动力学。相关研究成果已于2024年11月18日在国际知名学术期刊《自然—物理学》上发表。

本文利用一维光学晶格中超冷原子的平台，探索了通过辐射慢速原子物质波而衰变的合成量子发射体的协同非马尔可夫动力学。

研究人员通过制备和操纵承载弱相互作用和强相互作用多体激发态的发射体阵列，展示了定向集体发射，并研究了延迟效应与超辐射和亚辐射动力学之间的相互作用。

此外，研究人员还直接观察到了发射体之间相干性的自发建立。集体辐射动力学方面的研究结果表明，超冷物质波是研究空间扩展和有序系统中，多体量子光学的一种多功能工具。

据悉，自发辐射衰变的协同修正是量子光学中一个多发射体效应的典型例子。迄今为止，其实验实现依赖于由快速逃逸光子介导的相互作用，而这些光子在发射体动力学中并不起积极作用。

附：英文原文

Title: Super- and subradiant dynamics of quantum emitters mediated by atomic matter waves

Author: Kim, Youngshin, Lanuza, Alfonso, Schneble, Dominik

Issue&Volume: 2024-11-18

Abstract: The cooperative modification of spontaneous radiative decay exemplifies a many-emitter effect in quantum optics. So far, its experimental realizations have relied on interactions mediated by rapidly escaping photons, which do not play an active role in the emitter dynamics. Here we use a platform of ultracold atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice geometry to explore cooperative non-Markovian dynamics of synthetic quantum emitters that decay by radiating slow atomic matter waves. By preparing and manipulating arrays of emitters hosting weakly and strongly interacting many-body phases of excitations, we demonstrate directional collective emission and study the interplay between retardation and super- and subradiant dynamics. Moreover, we directly observe the spontaneous buildup of coherence among emitters. Our results on collective radiative dynamics establish ultracold matter waves as a versatile tool for studying many-body quantum optics in spatially extended and ordered systems.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02676-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02676-w