上海交通大学赵立平等研究人员合作发现，核心微生物组特征可作为健康指标。相关论文于2024年10月7日在线发表在《细胞》杂志上。

为了确定与健康相关的核心肠道微生物，研究人员遵循了系统生物学的原则，即稳定的关系标志着核心组成部分。通过分析来自2型糖尿病高纤维饮食干预的宏基因组数据集以及15种疾病的26项病例对照研究，研究人员在受饮食干预和疾病影响的共同丰度网络中识别出一组稳定相关的基因组对。

这些基因组形成了一个“两竞争行会”（TCG）模型，其中一个行会专门从事纤维发酵和丁酸盐产生，另一个行会则以毒性和抗生素耐药性为特征。

随机森林模型成功地区分了多种疾病中的病例与对照，并通过使用这些基因组预测了免疫治疗的结果。研究人员基于行会的策略，专注于基因组、独立于数据库和交互作用，进而识别出一个核心微生物组特征，作为整体健康指标和潜在的健康增强共同目标。

据悉，肠道微生物群对人类健康至关重要，作为一种复杂的适应系统，类似于一个重要器官。

附：英文原文

Title: A core microbiome signature as an indicator of health

Author: Guojun Wu, Ting Xu, Naisi Zhao, Yan Y. Lam, Xiaoying Ding, Dongqin Wei, Jian Fan, Yajuan Shi, Xiaofeng Li, Mi Li, Shenjie Ji, Xuejiao Wang, Huaqing Fu, Feng Zhang, Yu Shi, Chenhong Zhang, Yongde Peng, Liping Zhao

Issue&Volume: 2024-10-07

Abstract: The gut microbiota is crucial for human health, functioning as a complex adaptive system akin to a vital organ. To identify core health-relevant gut microbes, we followed the systems biology tenet that stable relationships signify core components. By analyzing metagenomic datasets from a high-fiber dietary intervention in type 2 diabetes and 26 case-control studies across 15 diseases, we identified a set of stably correlated genome pairs within co-abundance networks perturbed by dietary interventions and diseases. These genomes formed a “two competing guilds” (TCGs) model, with one guild specialized in fiber fermentation and butyrate production and the other characterized by virulence and antibiotic resistance. Our random forest models successfully distinguished cases from controls across multiple diseases and predicted immunotherapy outcomes through the use of these genomes. Our guild-based approach, which is genome specific, database independent, and interaction focused, identifies a core microbiome signature that serves as a holistic health indicator and a potential common target for health enhancement.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.019

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)01038-9