据研究人员介绍，孟加拉国儿童的营养不良与出生后肠道微生物群组装的破坏有关；与标准疗法相比，微生物群导向的补充食品（MDCF）显著改善了他们的体重和线性生长。
研究人员描述了一种来自这些儿童的生长相关肠道菌株普拉梭菌（Faecalibacterium prausnitzii）的脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（FAAH）。
该酶在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化，能够水解多种N-酰胺，包括油酸乙醇酰胺（OEA）、神经递质和群体感应N-酰基同源氨基酸内酯。同时，它还能合成多种N-酰胺，特别是N-酰基氨基酸。用N-油酸阿根廷氨基酸和N-油酸组氨酸处理无菌小鼠，显著影响了肠道免疫功能通路的表达。
向孟加拉国儿童施用MDCF显著减少了粪便中的OEA，这是一种与F. prausnitzii FAAH的丰度和表达呈负相关的饱腹因子。该酶在结构和催化上与哺乳动物FAAH不同，有望调节多种生物活性分子的水平。
附：英文原文
Title: A human gut Faecalibacterium prausnitzii fatty acid amide hydrolase
Author: Jiye Cheng, Siddarth Venkatesh, Ke Ke, Michael J. Barratt, Jeffrey I. Gordon
Issue&Volume: 2024-10-25
Abstract: Undernutrition in Bangladeshi children is associated with disruption of postnatal gut microbiota assembly; compared with standard therapy, a microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF) substantially improved their ponderal and linear growth. Here, we characterize a fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) from a growth-associated intestinal strain of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii cultured from these children. This enzyme, expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, hydrolyzes a variety of N-acylamides, including oleoylethanolamide (OEA), neurotransmitters, and quorum sensing N-acyl homoserine lactones; it also synthesizes a range of N-acylamides, notably N-acyl amino acids. Treating germ-free mice with N-oleoylarginine and N-oleolyhistidine, major products of FAAH OEA metabolism, markedly affected expression of intestinal immune function pathways. Administering MDCF to Bangladeshi children considerably reduced fecal OEA, a satiety factor whose levels were negatively correlated with abundance and expression of their F. prausnitzii FAAH. This enzyme, structurally and catalytically distinct from mammalian FAAH, is positioned to regulate levels of a variety of bioactive molecules.
DOI: ado6828
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado6828